Networking

Question 1

Why is star topology commonly used today?

Answer 1

reliability and scalability

Question 2

What flaw is associated with a star topology?

Answer 2

If the hardware connecting devices fails, those devices can no longer send or receive data.

Question 3

How does a bus topology connect devices?

Answer 3

It relies on a single backbone cable.

Question 4

Why is a bus topology cost-efficient to set up?

Answer 4

It has lower expenses, such as cabling and dedicated networking equipment.

Question 5

What are the flaws of a bus topology?

Answer 5

It can become slow when multiple devices request data simultaneously

Question 6

How does a ring topology work?

Answer 6

Devices are connected directly to each other in a loop.

Question 7

What is a significant drawback of a ring topology?

Answer 7

fault such as a cut cable or a broken device can result in the entire network breaking down.

Question 8

What is subnetting?

Answer 8

subnetting involves splitting a network into smaller networks.

Question 9

How is subnetting achieved?

Answer 9

using subnet masks

Question 10

What is the purpose of the ARP protocol in networking?

Answer 10

ARP protocol associate MAC addresses with IP addresses

Question 11

What does DHCP stand for?

Answer 11

DHCP stands for Dynamic Host Control Protocol.

Question 12

What is the Three-Way Handshake in TCP?

Answer 12

It’s a connection-based process that establishes a connection between a client and a server before data transfer.

Question 13

What are the three key elements of the Three-Way Handshake?

Answer 13

SYN, SYN/ACK, and ACK.

Question 14

What is the purpose of the SYN packet in the Three-Way Handshake?

Answer 14

initiate a connection and synchronize the two devices.

Question 15

What is the SYN/ACK packet’s role in the Three-Way Handshake?

Answer 15

acknowledge the synchronization attempt from the client.

Question 16

When is the ACK packet used in the Three-Way Handshake?

Answer 16

acknowledge that a series of messages/packets have been successfully received.

Question 17

What are the port numbers for FTP, SSH, HTTP, and HTTPS?

Answer 17

FTP: 21, SSH: 22, HTTP: 80, HTTPS: 443.

Question 18

What does SMB stand for, and what is its port number?

Answer 18

SMB stands for Server Message Block, and its port number is 445.

Question 19

What is the port number for Remote Desktop Protocol (RDP)?

Answer 19

The port number for RDP is 3389.

Question 20

What is a firewall’s primary role in a network?

Answer 20

A firewall determines what traffic is allowed to enter and exit a network

Question 21

What are the two types of firewalls?

Answer 21

Hardware Firewalls and Host-Based Firewalls.

Question 22

What is the main advantage of using a VPN?

Answer 22

Privacy and encryption

Question 23

What should you look for in a VPN to ensure privacy?

Answer 23

A VPN that does not log or keep logs of your data.

Question 24

What is a URL, and what does it instruct?

Answer 24

A URL is an instruction on how to access a resource on the internet, instructing what protocol to use, the host, port, and more.

Question 25

What are the components of a URL?

Answer 25

Scheme, User, Host, Port, Query String, and Fragment.

Question 26

What are the two main HTTP methods, and what are their primary uses?

Answer 26

The two main HTTP methods are GET (used for retrieving information) and POST (used for submitting data to a web server).

Question 27

What are Request Headers in HTTP, and what information do they contain?

Answer 27

Request Headers are sent from the client (usually a browser) to the server and contain information such as the host, user-agent, content length, and accept-encoding.

Question 28

What are Response Headers in HTTP, and what information do they contain?

Answer 28

Response Headers are returned to the client from the server and include information like set-cookie, cache-control, content-type, and content-encoding.

Question 29

What is the purpose of cookies in web browsing?

Answer 29

Cookies are small pieces of data stored on a computer and are used for various purposes, most commonly for website authentication and tracking user interactions.

Question 30

What is a load balancer, and why is it used in networking?

Answer 30

A load balancer distributes incoming network traffic across multiple servers to ensure high traffic websites can handle the load and provide failover in case a server becomes unresponsive.

Question 31

What is a Web Application Firewall (WAF), and what is its primary purpose?

Answer 31

A Web Application Firewall sits between web requests and the web server and is designed to protect the web server from hacking and denial of service attacks