Networking Facts

Question 1

What is a network?

Answer 1

• A group of computers that can share information through their interconnections

Question 2

Network is made up of the following components:

Answer 2

• Computers (aka nodes or hosts)
• Transmission media
• Network interfaces
• Protocols

Question 3

Transmission Media

Answer 3

• A path for electrical signals between devices

Question 4

Network Interfaces

Answer 4

• Devices that send and receive electrical signals

Question 5

Protocols

Answer 5

• Rules or standards that describe how hosts communicate and exchange data

Question 6

Networks save organizations money by allowing them to:

Answer 6

• Consolidate (centralize) data storage
• Share peripheral devices like printers
• Increase internal and external communications
• Increase productivity and collaboration

Question 7

Peer-to-Peer

Host Role

Answer 7

• Each host can provide network resources to other hosts or access resources located on other hosts
• Each host is in charge of controlling access to those resources

Question 8

Advantages if Peer-to-Peer

Answer 8

• Easy implementation

* Inexpensive

Question 9

Disadvantages of Peer-to-Peer

Answer 9

• Difficult to expand (not scalable)
• Difficult to support
• Lack centralized control
• No centralized storage

Question 10

Client-Server

Host Role

Answer 10

• Host have specific roles
• EX some hosts are assigned server roles which allow them to provide network resources to other host.
• Other hosts are assigned client roles, which allow them to consume network resources.

Question 11

Client-Server advangtages

Answer 11

• Easy to expand (Scalable)
• Easy to support
• Centralized services
• Easy to back up

Question 12

Client -Server disadvangtages

Answer 12

• Expensive server operating systems

* Extensive advanced planning required

Question 13

Personal Area Network (PAN)

Geography

Answer 13

• A very small network used for communicating between personal devices

Question 14

PAN examples

Answer 14

• Notebook computer
• Wireless headset
• Wireless printer
• Smart Phone
• *** Range is limited to only a few feet **
• • Created for Bluetooth

Question 15

Local Area Network (LAN)

Geography

Answer 15

• Small geographic area like an office

* Typically uses wires to connect systems together

Question 16

Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN)

Geography

Answer 16

• An Area that is roughly the same size as a standard LAN

* However it uses radio signals instead of wires to connect systems together

Question 17

Metropolitan Area Network (MAN)

Geography

Answer 17

• A network that covers an area as small as a few city blocks to as large as an entire metropolitan city
• MANs are typically owned and managed by a city as a public utility
• *** Many IT professionals do not differentiate between a WAN and a MAN as they use essentially the same network technologies

Question 18

Wide Area Network (WAN)

Geography

Answer 18

• A group of LANs that are geographically isolated but are connected to form a large internetwork

Question 19

Network

Management

Answer 19

• Describes a computer system controlled by a single organization.
• Could be a LAN at a single business or organization. If two companies connected their internal networks to share data you could call it one network
  ( In reality however it is two networks because each network is managed by a different company

Question 20

Subnet

Management

Answer 20

• Portion of a network with a common network address
• All devices on the subnet share the same network address, but have unique host addresses
• Each subnet in a larger network has a unique subnet address
• Devices connected through hubs or switches are on the same subnet. Routers are used to connect multiple subnets

Question 21

Internetwork

Management

Answer 21

• A network with geographically disperse (WAN) connections that connect multiple LANs is often called an internetwork
• Additionally connecting two networks under different management is a form of internetworking because dat must travel between two networks

Question 22

Internet

Participation

Answer 22

• A large world wide public network. The network is public because virtually anyone can connect to it, and users or organizations make services freely available on the internet
• Users and organizations connect to the internet through an internet service provider (ISP)
• The internet uses a set of communication protocols (TCP/IP) for providing services
• Individuals and organizations can make services (such as a website) available to other users on the internet

Question 23

Intranet

Answer 23

• A private network that uses internet technologies
• Services on an intranet are only available to hosts that are connected to the private network
• For ex your company might have a website that only employees can access

Question 24

Extranet

Answer 24

• A private network that uses internet technologies but its resources are made available to external (but trusted) users
• For example you might create a website on a private network that only users from a partner company can access