neuro

Question 1

Rapid onset dementia and myoclonus?

Answer 1

CJD

Question 2

Which affected areas of the nervous system cause subacute combined degeneration of the spinal cord?

Answer 2

Dorsal columns and lateral corticospinal tracts

Question 3

What MRI sequence has most likely been performed - dx of MS?

Answer 3

MRI FLAIR

Question 4

What MRI sequence has most likely been performed - dx of thyroid eye disease?

Answer 4

MRI STIR

Question 5

Loss of neurons in substantia nigra?

Answer 5

Parkinsons

Question 6

Petechial haemorrhages in temporal lobe?

Answer 6

Herpes simplex encephalitis

Question 7

Brown Sequard syndrome tracts affected and sx?

Answer 7

1. Lateral corticospinal tract
2. Dorsal columns
3. Lateral spinothalamic tract
4. Ipsilateral spastic paresis below lesion
5. Ipsilateral loss of proprioception and vibration sensation
6. Contralateral loss of pain and temperature sensation

Question 8

Subacute combined degeneration of the spinal cord tracts affected and sx?

Answer 8

1. Lateral corticospinal tracts
2. Dorsal columns
3. Spinocerebellar tracts
4. Bilateral spastic paresis
5. Bilateral loss of proprioception and vibration sensation
6. Bilateral limb ataxia

Question 9

Friedrich’s ataxia

Answer 9

1. Lateral corticospinal tracts
2. Dorsal columns
3. Spinocerebellar tracts
4. Bilateral spastic paresis
5. Bilateral loss of proprioception and vibration sensation
6. Bilateral limb ataxia
7. Intention tremor

Question 10

Anterior spinal artery occlusion tracts affected and sx?

Answer 10

1. Lateral corticospinal tracts
2. Lateral spinothalamic tracts
3. Bilateral spastic paresis
4. Bilateral loss of pain and temperature sensation

Question 11

Syringomyelia tracts affected and sx?

Answer 11

1. Ventral horns
2. Lateral spinothalamic tract
3. Flacid paresis (typically affecting the intrinsic hand muscles)
4. Loss of pain and temperature sensation

Question 12

MS tracts affected and sx?

Answer 12

Asymmetrical, varying spinal tracts involved

Combination of motor, sensory and ataxia symptoms

Question 13

CJD main sx?

Answer 13

Myoclonus and rapid onset dementia

Question 14

Wernicke’s encephalopathy?

CANOPEN

Answer 14

Confusion
Ataxia
Nystagmus
Ophthamoplegia
PEripheral
Neuropathy

Question 15

Muscle weakness after exercise? Muscle weakness improves after exercise?

Answer 15

MG, Lambert Eaton

Question 16

Voltage-gated Ca2+ channel antibody in which pathology?

Answer 16

Lambert Eaton

Question 17

Otosclerosis vs Alport Syndrome hearing loss?

Answer 17

Oto - conductive, Alport - sensorineural

Question 19

Proximal muscle weakness - esp legs, difficulty in standing from a seated position and climbing stairs, steroids improve condition?

Answer 19

Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome