Neuro- Concise Version Flashcards

Question

What is the focus of ALS Intervention?

Answer 1

1. Focuses on **occupations** most important to the indvidual 2. Focuses on the application of adaptation methods as **performance skills** decline | adapt to functional activties as d

Answer 2

1. **EC /work simplification (plan, pace)** 2. **AVOID FATIGUE** ; breathing exercises 3. **AE/AD** /AFO/orthotics ( **stage 2** ) 5. May benefit from manual/powered w/c w/ postural support for long distances ( **stage 3** ) 6. Work simplifcation (stage 3)

Answer 3

1. Manage **PAIN** and muscle spasms * sling/mobile **arm support** * splint * **HEAT** and massage 2. **AAROM/PROM/ Isometric** exercises (stage 4); pressure relief/PROM (stage 5) 3. **Augmented communication device** 4. **Psychological support** in decisions about extent of life support and medical intervention 5. Electric hospital bed (stage 5) 6. **EC/ home modifications** (stage 4) | Stage 4-5

Answer 4

1. **PROM** 2. **Sensory stimulation** 3. Educate family on **Positioning/skin inspection** SPL for dysphagia and augmentative speech device | Stage 6

Answer 5

1. Progressive autoimmune disease in young adults (mostly Caucasians) 2. **Demylination of CNS** 3. **Plaques in spinal cord**, optic nerves, brainstem/cerebellum 4. Symptoms: *incoordination, ____ ataxia * Visual loss: - **Acuity** double vision/diplopia - **Nystagmas:** scanning and tracking * **Pain/Numbness/ Weakness/ Fatigue** * Cognition: attention and short-term memory * sensorimotor, spasticity, increase reflexes * **intention tremors** ## Footnote CNS

Answer 6

1. **Observe throughout the day** * MMT- does not accurately reflect degree of weakness * **schedule around meds** * Identify performance patterns ( **REST PERIOD** ) 2. MFS-fatigue/sleep 3. AMPs; Cog screening 4. Identify family support

Answer 7

1. **EC/Fatigue** 2. **REST BREAKS** 3. **Problem-solving** compensatory strategies 3. Plan and prioritize; delegate; AE **hot temp is a contradiction**

Answer 8

1. **Progressive motor disorder** d/t degenerative changes in the **basal ganglia** (loss of dopamine) 2. **Affects speed and accuracy of motor skills, postural stability, cognition, and affect and expression** 3. Cause is unknown; genetic and environment

Answer 9

1. tremor 2. rigidity 3. bradykinesia 4. postural stability

Answer 10

1. increase tone 2. may demo **cogwheel** motions (jerky & sometimes **painful** with joint mobility) 3. **fatigue** d/t increased effort needed to voluntary movement

Answer 11

1. early sign: **"pill rolling"** on one side 2. **worse with stress**

Answer 12

1. Slow movements 2. Shuffling gait 3. Difficulty moving from sit to stand

Answer 13

1. posural stoop, with a lack of arm swing during mobility and loss of postural refleces 2. **fall risk**

Answer 14

1. Interview for brief history 2. Observe how symptoms affect OP 3. Assess occupation/preferred activities that have been altered 4. COPM 5. Cog screening if warrented *** May experience fluctuating energy levels during the day; symptoms tend to increase just BEFORE the next medication***

Answer 15

1. **EC/pacing, prioritizing, planning** (scheduled bathroom/around meds) 2. **AD/environmental modifications** 3. auditory cues, rhytmic cues, music 4. **mobility** techniques 5. Reduce distractions/avoid multitasking/de-clutter/avoid rushing 6. Educate caregivers to speak slowly and clearly with simple, **1-step instructions** (1 concept at a time) 7. psychological: hallucination, delusions, psychosis, behavior changes 8. micrographia/ reduce volume of speech (hypophonia) 9. **PAIN**: moist heat, gentle ROM; **cold temp. increases stiffness**

Answer 16

1. **Primary dementia of progressive cognitive decline** 2. Accumulation of **amyloid-beta senile plaque** and **tau protein** neurofinuillary tangles

Answer 17

1. **Impaired memory and executive functioning skills** cog. 2. Impaired speech and **language** 3. Agnosia 4. mood and **behavioral changes (wander)** 5. Psychosis, hallucination, behavior changes 6. Sensory loss

Answer 18

Early stages: 1. Functional eval of work, home, driving (determine if there is a cognitive deficit), and safety Later stages: 1. Focus shifts to self-care, mobility, communication, and leisure skills | Determine functional level, context (env. fam support)

Answer 19

Assessments: 1. **Kitchen Task Assessment (KTA)** -determing cog skills for cooking 2. **Exectuive function test** -standarized 3. **ACL**- determins quality of problem-solving 4. **Cognitive Performance Test** - identify cognitive deficits that are predictive of functional capacity using several ADL and IADL tasks 5. **Assessment of Motor and Process Skills** AMPS- Measures motor (posture, mobility, and strength) and process )attentional organizational, and adaptive) skills by using task performance in IADLs 6. **Disability Assessment for Dementia (ADA)** - uses informant ratings to determine tha bility of indvidual with AD to complete task in both ADL & IADL; determine executive functining skills (intiate, plan, execute).

Answer 20

1. **Mild loss of memory** 2. difficulty with word choices 3. repeats self 4. mild issues with gonosis/praxis ## Footnote VERY MILD TO MILD COG DECLINE

Answer 21

1. **Help client/caregivers estabilish routine; post it in a central place** 2. Psychological support 3. Environmental aids-Calendars, appointment book; adapting activities 4. Communcation training

Answer 22

1. **Moderate loss of memory** (personal history, recent/current events, losing objects) 2. Supervision slowly increases; **no longer employed** 3. **Mild impairment in ADLs** 4. Denial, labile moods, anxious, hostile, w/d from activity/social decreases, paranoia 5. Concentration and problem solving, learning new tasks, visuospatial deficits ## Footnote MILD TO MOD COG DECLINE

Answer 23

1. **Maintain routines and design environmental support (lists, posters, and pictures)** and level of assistance for cues to remember daily routine and important events 2. Simplify complex tasks 3. **Verbal cues** for IADLs and some ADLs 4. Socalization 5. Encourage walk, stretching, balance activities

Answer 24

1. Progressive memory loss of wel-known amterial; some past history retained 2. Cannot perform ADLs and IADLs ## Footnote MOD-MODERATLY SEVERE COG; DIFFICULTIES WITH PHYSICAL STATUS

Answer 25

1. Managing behavior 2. Maintain function 3. **Simplify task** 4. **Environmental adaptation (perceptual loss)** 5. Rehearse names of camily and others, using pictures

Answer 26

1. Severe memory loss (forget family, but recognize famliar people) 2. **Confusion even in familiar surroundings** 3. Gait and balance distubrances 4. Communication (grunts, single word) 5. **Unable to walk**, urinate, eat (SNF) ## Footnote SEVERE COG DECLINE AND MODERATE TO SEVERE PHYSCIAL DECLINE

Answer 27

1. Maintain recreation and leisure activities (respite program) 2. Positioning in bad/ w/c/ skin inspection 3. AAROM/AROM/PROM

Answer 28

1. Total A in ADLs and mobility

Answer 29

1. genetic hereditary neurological disorder 2. caused by defective gene on chromosome 4 3. impacts physical (motor) and mental (mood and thinking) ability 4. Basal ganglia-motor control/learning, emotion, behavior; cerebral cortex-attention, thought, memory, language

Answer 30

1. slow progression for 15-20 yrs from onset (occurs between age 30-50) 2. leads to uncontrollable movements of limbs 3. Brain changes impact mood, esp. depression, irritability, anxiety, and obsessive-compulsive qualities

Answer 31

1. Chorea/choreiform-rapid, irregular, involuntaryily movements (muscle jerks) 2. Akathisia-restlessness/fidgety 3. Dystonia-abnormal sustained posture (muscle spasm in head, trunk, arms)

Answer 32

1. 0-8 yrs from onset 2. can work part-time and needs MIN A for some ADLs

Answer 33

1.. 3-13 yrs from onset 2.typically unable to work 3. min A in ADLs or MAX A in one area while other basic functions are independent

Answer 34

1. 5-16 yrs from onset 2. unable to work 3. MAX A for most basic ADLs

Answer 35

1. 9-21 yrs from onset 2. MAX A ADL/IADL 3. In home care/extended care facility needed

Answer 36

1. 11-26 yrs from onset 2. full time SNF required 3. chorea becomes hypertonicity, slow movement (bradykinesia), and akinesia present (delayed initation or loss of movement)

Answer 37

1. Early stage: still working but maintaining work perfromance gets harder 2. Middle stage- cognition and gait decrease; descision making, memory, and motor coordination/balance are all impacted 3. Late stage- long-term care and hospitalization Other symptoms: 1. dysarthria 2. dysphagia 3. depression 4. high susceptibility to pneumonia

Answer 38

1. Enviornmetal mod 2. safety/fall edu 3. EC (simplify) 4. cog strate-(simple step, use lists, cal, labels) 5. AE to support meal time/FMskills 6. coping 7. splints-contractures/positioning

Neuro- Concise Version Flashcards

(62 cards)