Neurologic

Question 1

Subdural hematoma

Answer 1

• a traumatic brain injury (TBI) that may vary in size
• A computed tomography (CT) will show bleeding into the space between the dura and arachnoid membranes surrounding the brain
• Large subdural hematomas with neurological impairment require critical care admission, neurosurgery consultation, and frequent neurological assessments
• The nurse must assess the client for increasing ICP, which is manifested by alteration in level of consciousness, headache, reports of nausea, and restlessness
• An isotonic solution should be prescribed if the physician wants to maintain euvolemia.
• The client’s immobility puts them at risk for venous thromboembolism, and mechanical prophylaxis via pneumatic compression devices to the lower extremities is appropriate

Question 2

Frontal Lobe - thought processes

Answer 2

✓ Regulates affective responses to situations

✓ Primary motor area; Broca’s area for auditory expression

✓ Controls reasoning, concentration, cognition

✓ Formulation of goals

Question 3

Temporal Lobe - auditory

Answer 3

✓ Wernecke area for language comprehension

✓ Interpretation of sound

✓ Complicated memory patterns

Question 4

Parietal Lobe - sensory and motor

Answer 4

✓ Proprioception

✓ Processes nonverbal expressions

✓ Processes taste

Question 5

Occipital Lobe - vision

Answer 5

✓ The primary visual center
(visual association and memories)

Homonymous hemianopia is a complete left or right visual field defect. The client may need to be taught to scan the room, and the nurse should place objects in the unaffected visual field.

Question 6

Homonymous hemianopia

Answer 6

• a complete left or right visual field defect.
• The client may need to be taught to scan the room, and the nurse should place objects in the unaffected visual field.

Question 7

Proprioception

Answer 7

• is for the client to have an awareness of their body position
• Testing a client’s proprioception is done via the Romberg test
• If the client should have impairments with proprioception, this highly suggests an insult to the parietal lobe, which primarily processes sensory input, proprioception, and taste.

Parietal Lobe - sensory and motor
✓ Proprioception
✓ Processes nonverbal expressions
✓ Processes taste

Question 8

Expressive aphasia and impulsivity

Answer 8

• can be explained as an insult to the frontal lobe, which is the brain’s executive center
• Broca’s area can be found in the frontal lobe and, if damaged, may cause the client to have expressive aphasia.