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new Flashcards

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1
Q

What is paraphernalia in the context of popular culture?

A

Miscellaneous items or objects associated with a particular popular culture that express identity, affiliation, or belonging.

Paraphernalia sustains interest and visibility beyond original media, creating intergenerational continuity and shared identity.

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2
Q

How does paraphernalia contribute to the continuity of popular culture?

A

It perpetuates cultural trends, fads, and shared interests on a macro level.

Examples include DC superhero memorabilia and Barbie dolls, which reinforce ideals of mythology and femininity.

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3
Q

Define stakeholders in the context of popular culture.

A

Anyone with a vested interest or who is affected by the activities of a project, organization, or initiative.

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4
Q

What role do stakeholders play in the future of popular culture?

A

They fuel cultural dynamics at micro, meso, and macro levels and have the power to perpetuate or prevent cultural trends.

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5
Q

Name three types of stakeholders relevant to popular culture.

A
  • Family
  • Peer groups
  • Media
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6
Q

How do family stakeholders influence popular culture?

A

They control what children watch, impacting exposure and interest in certain popular cultures.

Parental controls on platforms like Netflix can limit access to specific content.

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7
Q

What is the effect of peer groups on popular culture?

A

They create shared experiences and influence trends through conversations and participation.

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8
Q

Explain the role of media as a stakeholder in popular culture.

A

Media spreads information and perpetuates popular culture through trailers, posters, trends, and interviews.

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9
Q

What is pluralism?

A

Recognition and affirmation of diversity within a society.

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10
Q

What is social inclusion?

A

All people participating in society to create social cohesion.

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11
Q

Define social exclusion.

A

Lack of ability to participate in life, often due to societal barriers.

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12
Q

What is a refugee?

A

A person forced to flee their home country due to a well-founded fear of persecution.

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13
Q

Differentiate between a refugee and an asylum seeker.

A

A refugee has been granted protection, while an asylum seeker is seeking international protection but does not have refugee status.

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14
Q

What is the offshore component in refugee processing?

A

Processing asylum seekers outside Australia, such as in Nauru and Manus Islands.

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15
Q

What is social mobility?

A

The ability of individuals to move vertically in society with changes to income and employment.

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16
Q

What are socially valued resources (SVRS)?

A

Resources that enable full access in society, including education, employment, income, healthcare, and justice.

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17
Q

What barriers do refugees face in accessing healthcare?

A

Limited access due to distrust, knowledge gaps, and cultural differences, along with visa restrictions.

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18
Q

What is discrimination?

A

Targeting individuals based on prejudice, leading to unfair treatment.

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19
Q

What is the impact of the Border Force Act 2015?

A

It established strict secrecy provisions and contributed to exclusion by limiting public access to information.

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20
Q

What is the role of historical forces in social inclusion and exclusion?

A

Historical events shape attitudes and policies that can either promote inclusion or perpetuate exclusion.

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21
Q

What is the significance of the 1951 UN Refugee Convention?

A

It legally obliges Australia to protect those fleeing persecution.

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22
Q

Fill in the blank: The ability to acquire social and material rewards in society like education and status is referred to as _______.

A

life chances

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23
Q

True or False: Asylum seekers are often portrayed as criminals or queue jumpers in media narratives.

A

True

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24
Q

What are some strategies to address prejudice against refugees?

A
  • Increasing English lessons
  • Access to technology
  • Additional resettlement processes
  • Addressing stereotypes
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25
What does the term 'techfugees' refer to?
Organizations that help refugees improve skills to access socially valued resources.
26
What is the role of peer pressure in the context of popular culture?
It influences spending habits and cultural engagement among teenagers.
27
What is the impact of commodification of nostalgia in popular culture?
It creates a culture of comfort and nostalgia, influencing consumption patterns.
28
What is the difference between macro, meso, and micro influences on behavior?
Macro influences include media and politics; meso influences include community and peer interactions; micro influences refer to individual interactions.
29
What are the barriers to accessing Google Maps?
Funds, skills, language, and privacy issues ## Footnote These barriers can limit individuals' ability to utilize digital services effectively.
30
What is the role of TECHFUGEES?
An organization that helps people achieve inclusion by improving skills to access other services ## Footnote Focuses on providing support for refugees and asylum seekers.
31
What levels are included in the justice system?
Local, state, and federal ## Footnote Each level has its own set of complex laws.
32
What are some barriers faced in the justice system?
Language, cultural differences, prejudice, knowledge, and complexity ## Footnote These barriers can hinder fair access to justice.
33
How long is the application form for a temporary protection visa?
80 pages long ## Footnote This complexity can deter applicants from seeking protection.
34
What is the significance of the United Nations’ Human Development Index (HDI)?
It measures the development levels of countries ## Footnote Low HDI countries may seek to migrate to places like Australia for better opportunities.
35
What was the Tampa crisis?
In 2001, a Norwegian ship rescued Afghan asylum seekers but was refused access to Australia, leading to the Pacific Solution ## Footnote This resulted in offshore detention rather than processing in Australia.
36
What was the outcome of the Baby Asha case in 2016?
Hospital staff refused to discharge a baby asylum seeker due to welfare concerns, leading to advocacy against exclusionary refugee policies ## Footnote Highlighted issues surrounding refugee welfare.
37
What is the purpose of the Refugee Employment Support Program?
To assist refugees in finding employment ## Footnote Aimed at improving integration and self-sufficiency.
38
What is the 1951 UN Refugee Convention?
An international treaty that defines who is a refugee and outlines the rights of individuals who are granted asylum ## Footnote It also sets the legal obligations of states to protect refugees.
39
What role do NGOs play in refugee inclusion?
Support and advocacy ## Footnote They help facilitate access to services and promote understanding.
40
What services does the Salvation Army provide for refugees?
Emergency relief, ongoing casework support, employment upskilling, resume writing, and career counseling ## Footnote Aims to empower refugees for better integration.
41
What is the Anti-Discrimination Act of 1977?
A law aimed at preventing discrimination in various sectors ## Footnote It plays a critical role in promoting equality.
42
What is the Special Humanitarian Program visa?
A visa for individuals facing substantial discrimination or human rights abuses, allowing them to move to Australia permanently ## Footnote Includes provisions for immediate family.
43
What does continuity refer to in cultural change?
The persistence of cultural elements in society across time ## Footnote Reflects maintenance of traditions and social structures.
44
What is change in the context of cultural elements?
Alteration or modification to cultural elements in society ## Footnote Involves various factors and complexities.
45
What characterizes evolutionary change?
Structural change creating slow alterations in institutions or societies ## Footnote An example is bureaucratization.
46
Define transformative change.
Broad-based social change that completely alters existing structures in society ## Footnote It is profound and irreversible.
47
What factors contribute to resistance to change?
Values and beliefs, vested interests, cultural ethnocentrism, pace of innovation, inertia ## Footnote These factors can create barriers to progress.
48
What is structural change?
Significant shifts in the way a market, economy, or organization operates ## Footnote Often driven by external factors like technology.
49
List the agents of change.
* Political * Economical * Sociological * Technological * Legal * Environmental ## Footnote These agents can influence the direction and pace of change.
50
What is cyclical change?
Change happening in repeating cycles ## Footnote Example includes economic booms and crashes.
51
What does modernisation refer to?
Dynamic social change resulting from the diffusion of characteristics of more advanced societies ## Footnote It often involves transitioning from agrarian to modern societies.
52
What is sustainability?
Meeting current needs without jeopardizing the needs of future generations ## Footnote Focuses on long-term ecological balance.
53
Define tradition.
A body of practices passed down through generations ## Footnote Essential for socialization and cultural continuity.
54
What is empowerment?
Social progress giving power or authority to individuals or groups ## Footnote Can occur at micro, meso, or macro levels.
55
What does westernisation entail?
The process where western industrial capitalism influences change in societies ## Footnote Often involves adopting Western norms and values.
56
What is conflict theory?
A macro theory that posits society reaches an endpoint where its inequalities create barriers to economic growth ## Footnote Suggests that revolutionary change may arise from class struggles.
57
What is the role of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP)?
Ruling political party of China responsible for governance and maintaining authority ## Footnote Enforces strict control over various aspects of society.
58
What is the significance of the Tiananmen Square protests?
Student-led protests in 1989 calling for political reforms, suppressed by the government ## Footnote Highlighted issues of freedom and governance in China.
59
How has Deng Xiaoping influenced China's economy?
Stimulated economic optimism in the 1990s through technological reforms ## Footnote Shifted the economy towards a socialist market model.
60
What is the Great Firewall of China?
A system of internet censorship used by the Chinese government ## Footnote Blocks access to foreign websites and controls information flow.
61
Who benefits most from change in China?
Young, educated, wealthy, urban, and powerful individuals ## Footnote They often have access to better opportunities.
62
What is the Hukou system?
A household registration system that binds people to their locality ## Footnote It restricts mobility and access to services for rural workers.
63
What are the different types of social research methods?
* Primary * Secondary * Quantitative * Qualitative ## Footnote Each method has its own advantages and disadvantages.
64
What is a case study?
An in-depth study of a cultural group sharing a common experience ## Footnote Combines various methodologies like observation and interviews.
65
What ethical considerations must be made in research?
* Informed consent * Confidentiality * Avoiding harm * Respect for vulnerable groups ## Footnote Essential to ensure ethical integrity in research.
66
List the steps in the research process.
* Decide on topic * Develop focus question * Gather background information * Design research * Apply methods ethically * Analyze findings * Write conclusions ## Footnote Following these steps ensures a systematic approach to research.
67
What is social and cultural literacy?
Possessing knowledge, understanding, and skills to communicate effectively and respect diverse cultures ## Footnote Involves empathy and critical discernment in social contexts.
68
What does it mean to empathise with and appreciate diverse beliefs and values?
Understanding and valuing the different beliefs and practices of various societies and cultures ## Footnote This includes recognizing the importance of cultural diversity in shaping individual identities and community dynamics.
69
What is the importance of researching affectively and ethically?
It involves showing critical discernment towards information and media ## Footnote This means evaluating sources for credibility and bias, and understanding the ethical implications of information dissemination.
70
How can one communicate effectively in a cross-cultural setting?
By engaging with individuals and groups cooperatively ## Footnote Effective communication in diverse environments requires active listening, respect, and adaptability to different cultural norms.
71
What skills are applied to achieve social inclusion?
Skills that promote awareness of discrimination and prejudice ## Footnote This includes advocating for equal opportunities and challenging stereotypes.
72
True or False: Making judgments about other cultures based on one's own cultural values is encouraged.
False ## Footnote It is important to avoid imposing one's values on other cultures to promote mutual respect.
73
What is meant by having a sense of social responsibility?
Engaging critically with social issues and taking action for the welfare and dignity of others ## Footnote This includes advocating for social justice and human rights at various levels.
74
What major national and global issues should one be aware of?
Poverty, disease, and conflict including armed conflict ## Footnote Awareness of these issues is crucial for informed citizenship and advocacy.
75
How does globalization impact society?
It affects technology, rapid change, and continuity ## Footnote Understanding globalization's implications is essential for addressing future challenges.
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