Nitriles

Question 1

what is the nitrile group

Answer 1

C≡N

Question 2

which carbon is C≡N found on?

Answer 2

the end carbon

Question 3

reactivity of nitrile groups:

Answer 3

nitrile group is unsaturated = addition reactions

Question 4

name 3 reactions of nitriles:

Answer 4

• reduced
• hydrolysis
• nucleophilic addition with aldehydes+ketones

Question 5

what occurs when a nitrile is reduced

Answer 5

amine group

Question 6

how are nitriles hydrolysis

Answer 6

by boiling with ether, acids or alkalis.

Question 7

what is formed during nitrile hydrolysis

Answer 7

amide + carboxylic acid (or salt if alkali used)

Question 8

how does nucleophilic addition with A(aldehydes)+K(ketones) work

Answer 8

• A+K contain polar carbonyl group: C=O
• The +C attracts -CN, (cyanide ion, nucleophile)
• produces hydroxynitrates