1
Q
NLP presuppositions can be grouped in 4 categories. Name the categories.
A
- Mental processing
- Human behavior and responses
- Communication
- Learning, choice and change
2
Q
List the 6 presuppostions listed under the “mental processing” category
A
- The map is not the territory
- People respond according to their internal maps
- Meaning is dependent on context
- Mind-body inevitably and inescapably affect each other
- Individual skills are a function of the developing and sequencing of representation systems
- Rapport is created by respecting each person’s model of the world.
3
Q
List the 3 presuppositions listed under the category “human behaviour and responses”
A
- Person and behavior are different. You “are” more than your behavior and different from your behavior
- Every behavior is useful in some context
- We evaluate behavior and change in terms of context and ecology.
4
Q
List the 7 presuppositions listed under the category “communication”
A
- We cannot not communicate
- The way we present our communication affects perception and reception
- The meaning of our communication is the response we get regardless of our intention
- There is no failure, only feedback
- We check the ecology of communications because it occurs in a system
- The person with the most flexibility manages the system / has the most influence in the system
- Resistance usually indicates the lack of rapport.
5
Q
List the 5 presuppositions listed under the category “learning, choice and change”
A
- People have the internal resources they need to succeed
- Learning sometimes occur in a moment and lasts forever
- People are response-able—able to run their own brain and influence the results they get
- We all make the best choices open to us when we act
- All communication and change should increase our choices, not limit them.
6
Q
What is the “law of requisite variety?”
A
In any system, the part with the most flexibility will have the most influence
7
Q
What does “The map is not the territory” mean?
A
Our mental mapping differs from the reality that we seek to map; what we think is not what is real.
8
Q
What is the different between content and structure (process)?
A
- Content is story, details
- Context is structure, process, form.
9
Q
Why is the distinction between content and context important?
A
In NLP and Neuro–Semantics we constantly highlight the difference between Structure and Content.
- The process structure of an experience operates at a meta–level to the content of the details of a person’s story.
- It is the structure that makes the biggest difference for transformation.
- The way a person thinks, sorts, codes, and perceives are summarized and encoded in the Meta–Model, the Meta–Programs, and the Meta–States models.
10
Q
What are some of the key NLP definitions of “the unconscious” part of the mind?
A
- Outside of awareness
- Autonomic nervous system
- What is preconscious
- Memory, what’s dropped into the unconscious for automatic responding
- The Immune system
- Our linguistic acquisition device (Transformational Grammar)
11
Q
What is NLP? Give 5 of the most basic working definitions.
A
- Running your own brain
- Communication Model
- Modeling of excellence and expertise
- Technology of Excellence
- “NLP is an attitude and a methodology that leaves behind a trail of techniques” (Richard Bandler)
- “A Model of Communication that describes how we process information and thereby create our mind-body states”. (NS Master Practitioner Manual, 2010)
- “NLP is the study of the structure of subjective experience” (Robert Dilts)
12
Q
What does the “magic number 7 plus or minus 2” mean and why is it useful?
A
The amount of information that can be processed consciously at a time; too much information and people can no longer keep track.
Note: Recent research has demonstrated that not only is the “law” based on a misinterpretation of Miller’s paper, but that the correct number is probably around three or four.
13
Q
List 10 distinctions in the NLP pattern of a well-formed outcome?
A
- Stated in the positive
- Contextual
- Self initiated and maintained
- Time frame
- Specific; sensory based
- Resources
- Steps and stages
- Compelling
- Ecological; realistic
- Evidence procedure
14
Q
What does “pacing” mean and why is it important?
A
Matching the outputs behaviorally of another person in order to create rapport.
15
Q
What is the structure of pacing? How do we do it and how many dimensions are there to pacing?
A
Matching
- the gestures,
- movements,
- breathing,
- voice,
- words,
- meta-programs, etc.
16
Q
Why do we say that NLP is a cognitive-behavioral model? How is it a cognitive-behavior model?
A
- Thoughts drive, determine, and govern feelings
- The Kinesthetic–meta response follows from sights, sounds, sensations, smells, tastes
17
Q
What are 2 important implications of NLP being a cognitive-behavioral model?
A
- Cognitive behavioral sciences and psychology provides the foundation fo credibility for NLP; gives it a scientific foundation.
- It gives us a mechanism for change; as we think— so we feel and act.
18
Q
Who were the three people that Bandler and Grinder modeled and what was the order that they were modeled in NLP?
A
- Fritz Perls;
- Virginia Satir;
- Milton Erickson
19
Q
Where, when and how did Bateson come into the picture of the original development of NLP?
A
- Professor at University of California at Santa Cruz; 1970- 1972.
- Logical levels, “meta,” Levels of learning, “framing.”
20
Q
Where and how did Alfred Korzybski come into the picture of the development of NLP?
A
- 1933, the map is not the territory.
- Originated “neuro-linguistic,” “neuro-semantic,” “design human engineering”.
21
Q
How is it that NLP was a child of the Human Potential Movement? What is the evidence of this? And what difference does this make in Neuro-Semantics?
A
- Perls, Satir and Bateson were at Esalen
- NLP’s presuppositions were premises of the HPM from Maslow and Rogers
- Maslow modeled healthy people, “the self-actualizers.”
22
Q
Describe the following frame and when to use it: “backtracking”
A
Reviewing ideas, suggestions, experiences, summarizes, checking, process of how we got here.
23
Q
Describe the following frame and when to use it: “relevancy”
A
Asking about what’s pertinent within a conversation; keep a meeting on target.
24
Q
Describe the following frame and when to use it: “as if”
A
Pretending, thinking out of the box, imagining.
25
Describe the following frame and when to use it: "discovery"
Suspending expectations to discover something new; an invitation to discover, identify what’s occurring.
26
Describe the following frame and when to use it: "outcome"
The end results from what a person wants.
27
Describe the following frame and when to use it: "contrast"
Contrast two experience to look for distinctions: what is different?
28
Describe the following frame and when to use it: "ecology"
Checking the system that one is in for how well something works and fits within that system. Study of consequences.
29
Describe the following frame and when to use it: "agreement"
Moving to higher idea that two or more can agree upon, may be an intention, value, belief, or an understanding.
30
List 8 important frames that are utilised in NLP
1. Agreement frame
2. As if frame
3. Backtracking frame
4. Contrast frame
5. Discovery Frame
6. Ecology frame
7. Outcome frame
8. Relevancy frame
31
What does TOTE stand for, what does it represent and why is this important in NLP?
* Test – Operate – Test — Exit: The structure of a strategy that creates a skill or competency.
* Feedback loop: this model goes beyond stimulus—response model
* A modeling tool.
32
How do you elicit a strategy? What are 5 specific questions that you can use to elicit a strategy?
1. Do you know how to X?
2. When? Where?
3. How do you do that?
4. What happens before that/ How do you know when to start?
5. What is it like?
33
What is synesthesia in NLP?
When one representational system (VAK) immediately associates or anchors another VAK. A fuzzy function.
34
How do you change, streamline, and install a strategy?
1. Set out the representation steps: specific, slow down. plan for alteration,
2. Create new representation; access it at the place for it in the strategy.
3. Identify and take out the redundant steps so it becomes more “elegant.”
35
List the 7 key distinctions of the movie-rewind pattern (the phobia cure) in NLP
1. Recall old event that still triggers a strong emotional reaction.
2. Put the memory up as a movie on a screen: freeze frame as snapshot prior to the movie.
3. Step back as observer.
4. Step back as director of the movie.
5. Play the movie to the end: then to a scene of comfort or pleasure.
6. Rewind the movie: fast rewind to the beginning before it happened.
7. Clear screen: repeat 5 times.
36
Describe how the movie rewind (phobia cure) pattern works to take the emotional charge out of an experience.
* Meaning creates emotion;
* Syntax creates meaning;
* Change the syntax— changes the meaning which changes one’s emotions.
37
What does calibration mean in NLP?
Notice the characteristics of a state and (i.) compare them to the same state in the same person at another time or to (ii.) another state of the person. Being in uptime (present tense, sensory-awareness).
The Metaphor is that of machines, identifying settings and change them to baseline.
38
Make a list of 7 things that you can calibration in a person.
Physiology:
* Eyes: Focused – unfocused; pupils undilated – dilated; eye-accessing cues
* Breathing: Fast – slow (rate); high – low (location)
* Skin colour: Light – dark and/or skin tonus / muscle tone: Shiny – not shiny
* Face: Lower lip size. Lines – no lines
* Voice: Tone, volume, quality, pitch
* Posture and legs
* Gestures
Language:
* Language: Representational system predicates
State of mind:
* States
* Frames
* Meta programs
39
What are the 6 key distinctions that enable a person to anchor a state effectively?
1. Intensity
2. Purity (precision)
3. Replicable
4. Repetition
5. Timing
6. Uniqueness
40
Describe the process for collapsing states or anchors.
Access and anchor 2 states: fire off both anchors at the same time (simultaneously).
41
What is chaining of anchors and how do you do it?
A set of anchors for states that move a person from a starting state to an ending state that’s desirable.
1. Begin by identifying both the starting and the ending state
2. Then set up in between states from start to end state
3. Anchor each and then set one off so that it cascades to the ending state
4. Use different places on arm, back of hand, or spatial anchors in a room.
42
Describe the Change Personal History Pattern.
1. Identify a historical memory that puts a person in a negative state
2. Then identify resources that would have changed that event
3. Access the person’s time line
4. Then go back in history: to original event and then to 15 minutes prior to the event
5. Then with the new resources, invite the person to move up through time with them allowing the event to change.
43
How do you elicit someone’s time-line?
1. Ask about a small everyday activity like brushing one’s teeth, dressing, etc. and ask a person to consider and notice how he or she represents it
* last year,
* 5 years old,
* today,
* last week,
* next week,
* next year,
* 5 years from now.
2. Then invite the person to step back (float above oneself) and draw a line through the events.
44
What is the structure of rapport? How do you create rapport with someone?
Matching another person’s
* actions,
* gestures,
* words, etc.,
Mirror back what you see in the person’s external expressions.
45
What are the representational systems and why are they important?
* VAKOG and language
* These operate as the “languages” or coding of thought or mind.
46
How do you over-lap from one representational system to another? Why is this a valuable process?
Speak about the representation system which the person favors and then move to describe more things using another representation system.
47
How does NLP think of sub-modalities? What can you do with them?
* The sub-qualities of the modalities (VAK); the atomic chart of experience.
* These sub-modalities are viewed as the difference that make a difference and so can alter an experience of state or strategy.
48
By contrast to NLP, how does Neuro-Semantics think of sub-modalities?
Sub-modalities are not sub at all; but meta-modalities regarding how we edit our movies.
49
What are driver sub-modalities?
They are
* the key or determining qualities that has the most effect on a state;
* often the qualities that govern the leverage point of change.
50
How does the Swish Pattern work and why does it facilitate those effects?
It works by
1. Taking a problems that’s foregrounded and putting it in the background;
2. Identify a resourceful state of the “me for whom the problem is no problem.”
3. This image or representation is brought in and foregrounded so that it creates a generative direction —moving us toward a resourceful self.
51
What is the difference between being in-time an through-time (or out-of-time)?
* In-time is being “inside” time as a primary state so that a person has no awareness of time (lost in time).
* Through-time (or out-of-time) is being meta to time so that one is aware of the sense of time and of sequencing events.
52
What is the significance of these different time experiences?
The significance is that
* In through time we experience time as the sequence of events and in In-time we are lost in time with no sense of time
* The first can more effectively sequence time, the second cannot or has a much more difficult time doing so.
53
What is the key premise upon which the reframing process is based?
1. That there is a basic difference between person and behavior. These are on different levels.
2. Meaning is attributed— invented. The meaning you give sets the frame; you can always give something a different or a new meaning.
54
What are the two primary kinds of reframes?
1. Content reframing and
2. Context reframing:
55
What is an ecology check in NLP? How do you do it?
To step back from the system to see the health, well-being, ecology of the system.
56
What are the 5 perceptual positions in NLP?
1. Self
2. Other
3. Observer
4. System
5. Universe (God)
57
How is the term “chunking” used in NLP? What are the two fundamental questions to ask to chunk up and to chunk down?
1. The size of a piece of information.
2. Down: What is an example of that, some specific example?
3. Up: What are you getting to? What’s the point?
58
What is epistemology and how does it relate to NLP? What kind of epistemology is NLP?
* Theory of knowledge— how we know what we know.
* NLP is an epistemology: Phenomenological and Constructionism.
Dilts & Delozier (2000a): “NLP is a way of being (an ‘ontology’) and a way of knowing (an ‘epistemology’). As an ontology it is a set of fundamental presuppositions about communication, choice, change, and the intentions behind our behaviours. As an epistemology it is modelling – an ongoing process for expanding and enriching your map of the world through awareness, flexibility, multiple perspectives and personal congruence.”
59
List 5 categories of meta-programs
1. Mental (cognitive) meta-programs
2. Emotional meta-programs
3. Volitional (conative) meta-programs
4. External response meta-programs
5. Conceptual meta-programs
60
List 7 mental (cognitive) meta-programs
1. Chunk size: General/specific; global/detail
2. Relationship sort: Matching/mis-matching; sameness/difference; agree/disagree
3. Representational system sort: VAK Ad
4. Information gathering style: Uptime/downtime
5. Perceptual categories: Black and white/continuum (shades of grey)
6. Scenario thinking: Best/worst; optimist/pessimist
7. Communication channel preference: Verbal(digital)/non-verbal(analogue)/balanced
61
List 5 emotional meta-programs
1. Coping or stress-response pattern: Passive/ aggression / dissociated
2. Frame of reference or authority sort: Internal/external; self-referent/other-referent
3. Emotional state sort: Thinking/feeling; associated/ dissociated; stepping in/stepping out
4. Somatic response sort: Active/reflective/inactive
5. Convincer or believability sort: Looks, sounds or feels right; makes sense
62
List 5 volitional (conative) meta-programs
1. Directional sort: Toward/away from; past assurance/ future possibilities; approach/avoidance
2. Connation choice in adapting: Options/procedures
3. Reason sort: Necessity/possibility/desire; stick/carrot
4. Preference sort: Primary interest: people/place/things/ activity/information
5. People convincer sort: Distrusting/trusting
1.
2.
3.
63
List 5 external response meta-programs
1. Rejuvenation-of-battery sort (energizing): Extrovert/ introvert/ambivert
2. Affiliation and management sort: Independent/team player/manager
3. Comparison sort: Quantitative/qualitative
4. Completion/closure sort: Closure/non-closure
5. Hierarchical dominance sort: Power/affiliation/ achievement
1.
2.
3.
64
List 6 conceptual meta-programs
Conceptual meta-programs
1. Value sort: Emotional needs/beliefs
2. Self-esteem sort: Conditional/unconditional
3. Self-confidence sort: High/low
4. Self-experience sort: Mind/emotion/body/role
5. Time experience: In-time/through time; sequential/ random
6. Morality sort: Weak/strong superego
1.
2.
3.
65
What are meta-programs? Why are they important?
* Perceptual patterns as lens or filters by which we see the world.
* They (i.) determine how we think and interpret our experiences and (ii.) create our strengths and blind spots.
66
How do meta-programs differ from strategies?
* Perceptual filters versus
* A step-by-step representations which create a skill.
67
What are logical levels? And why are they important?
* They are the layers of thoughts, the classifications that create our definitions and beliefs about reality.
* They make up the higher levels of our mind.
68
What is modeling?
Identifying the structure of an experience, how it works, so that it can be replicated.
69
What are 3 key modelling questions?
* How do you do that?
* What do you believe about that?
* What enables you to do that?
70
What are the key steps for a modeling project?
Observe the model
1. Identifying the exemplars.
2. Specify what is to be modeled.
3. Literature review.
Find the difference that makes the difference
1. Create first tentative model.
2. Refine the model.
Design a method to teach the skill
71
What is a belief and how does it differ from a thought?
* A thought is a representation (VAK)
* A belief is a confirmed thought (thought you have said "yes" to)
72
What is a sliding anchor and how do you establish it?
A sliding anchor sets up a continuum on the skin and sets up the feel of “more and more” or “less and less.”
73
What are the key distinctions in the Disney Creativity Pattern?
1. Access each of the three stages of creativity: (i.) the visionary state of **dreaming** wildly and passionately; (ii.) the **realistic** state that checks what’s actual and realistic and (iii.) the state to **test** something
2. Spatially Anchor each state
3. Use each state to enrich the others
4. Apply to something where like to be more creative
5. Establish Higher frames that support the Creativity
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