Normal Flora

Question 1

Normal flora of the skin

Answer 1

• staphylococcus aureus, staphylococcus epidermis => found in vulvar tissue, perineum, nose, skin of pts with dermatological diseases
• proprionibacterium acnes
• all gram positive
• also corynebacterium, acinetobacter and yeasts

Question 2

Normal flora of the mouth/throat

Answer 2

• Buccal mucosa: large number of streptococci

- Oropharynx: streptococci and neisseria

Question 3

Normal flora of the stomach

Answer 3

• helicobacter pylori

Question 4

Normal flora of the female genital tract (adult)

Answer 4

• Low pH

- lactobacillus acidophilus, bacteroides, clostridium, peptostreptococcus

Question 5

Normal flora of the upper small intestine

Answer 5

• jejunum: streptococcus, corynebacterium, lactobacillus

Question 6

Normal flora of the lower small intestine

Answer 6

• lactobacillus, streptococcus, enterobacteriaceae, bacteroides

Question 7

Normal flora of the colon

Answer 7

• 90% are anaerobes: bacteroides, fusobacterium, eubacterium, clostridium
• rest are facultative: escherichia coli, enterococci yeasts
• diet affects composition

Question 8

Normal flora of female genital tract (young and post-menopausal)

Answer 8

• rise in pH

- staphylococcus epidermidis, streptococcus, E.coli

Question 9

Normal flora of the upper respiratory tract

Answer 9

• staphylococcus epidermidis, corynebacterium, lactobacillus, P.acnes

Question 10

Primary producer of dental caries

Answer 10

Streptococcus mutans

Question 11

Normal flora can cause infection if:

Answer 11

1) misplaced
2) immunocompromised host leads to overgrowth
3) flora with enhanced virulence overflows