Notecards

Question 1

Cyrillic alphabet

Answer 1

1. Developed by Cyril and Methodius
2. Based on Greek alphabet
3. Became widespread

Question 2

Alexander the Great

Answer 2

1. Father Philip II, able to tame Burephalus
2. Expanded empire, made one of biggest empire
3. Created city Alexandria

Question 3

Homer

Answer 3

1. Wrote Iliad and Odyssey
2. Writer of poems
3. Tales of Trojan War live on in his stories

Question 4

Magna Carta

Answer 4

1. Nobles feared kings would abuse powers
2. King John forced to sign document created by nobles
3. Limited King’s power and government and executive power

Question 5

Alfred the Great

Answer 5

1. Drove Viking forces north of London in 878
2. King of Wessex in southern England
3. Stopped Danish Vikings from invading all of England

Question 6

direct democracy

Answer 6

1. Three bodies of democracy met on a particular hill and voted on each measure
2. System where people vote directly on an issue
3. Efficient voting system

Question 7

Justinian I

Answer 7

1. Reigned from 527 to 565, regained control of North Africa and Italy
2. Emperor of Byzantine Empire, tried to regain empire
3. Able to conquer regions; improved empire

Question 8

Icons

Answer 8

1. Caused religious controversy. Some Christians (iconoclast) believed icons were too close to idols
2. Paintings or sculptures of sacred figures
3. Leo III banned icons, had all of them destroyed

Question 9

Sagas

Answer 9

1. Recorded events to keep records
2. Icelandic stories about great heroes and events
3. Able to learn about Vikings

Question 10

Black Death

Answer 10

1. Took two forms: bubonic and pneumonic plague
2. Plague between 1347 and 1351
3. Killed lots of people

Question 11

guilds

Answer 11

1. People organized themselves by their art / craft
2. Trade organizations
3. Restricted competition

Question 12

Attila

Answer 12

1. Mid-400s, led attack on Gaul
2. Leader of the Hungs
3. Battled Romans and Visigoths in 451. Pope Leo I persuaded Attila to leave Italy

Question 13

illumination

Answer 13

1. Usually depicted scenes from book
2. Pictures on pages of a book, very colorful
3. Brought book to life

Question 14

Manorial System

Answer 14

1. Similar to feudal system
2. Exchanges between sergs and manor owners
3. Serfs worked on manor, but got cared for

Question 15

Pax Romana

Answer 15

1. Beginning of Augustus’ reign (27 BC) to last of good emperors reign (AD 180)
2. The Roman Peace, characterized by stable government, strong legal system, widespread trade and peace
3. Smooth working of government wasn’t interrupted by war or invasion

Question 16

Pericles

Answer 16

1. Rebuilt most of Athens, elected for general in 460 BC, champion of democracy
2. Skilled politician and gifted public speaker, greatly influenced Athens
3. Became most influential person, commissioned building of Parthenon

Question 17

Charlemagne

Answer 17

1. Son of Pippin III, helped empire alot
2. One of the most important leaders in European history
3. reformed education, religion and law

Question 18

Patricians

Answer 18

1. The heads of a few aristocratic families, elected officials among themselves, organized in clans
2. Controlled every aspect of society, politics, religion, economics and the military
3. Maintained rights by Romans providing financial, social, or legal support for political backing / support

Question 19

Galen

Answer 19

1. Wrote several volumes noting medical knowledge during his time
2. Physician who lived in Rome during AD 100s
3. Historians are able to learn about medicine during his time

Question 20

Helots

Answer 20

1. When Sparta expanded, took over Messenia. Converted Messenians into helots
2. State slaves, given to Spartan citizens to work on farms
3. Spartan citizens didn’t have to do manual labor, so were free to train for war

Question 21

Reconquista

Answer 21

1. Christians embarked on campaigns to retake Iberian Peninsula
2. Reconquest in Spanish
3. Lots of Christian kingdoms became part of Christianity

Question 22

Pope Urban II

Answer 22

1. Byzantine empire was being attacked
2. Pope who called the Council of Clermont and launched Crusades
3. Crusades wouldn’t have started