NS1a: Background knowledge

Question 1

CNI name
Function
Motor or sensory?

Answer 1

Olfactory n.
Transmit smells from nasal cavity
Sensory

Question 2

CNVII name
Function
Motor or sensory?

Answer 2

Facial n.
Innervation of mm. of facial expression + most salivary & lacrimal glands + taste from rostral 2/3 of tongue
Motor

Question 3

CNVIII name
Function
Motor or sensory?

Answer 3

Vestibulocochlear n.
Senses sound, rotation & gravity. Essential for balance & synchronous movement of eyes. Cochlear branch sends impulse for hearing, vestibular branch sends impulse for balance.
Sensory

Question 4

CNIX name
Function
Motor or sensory?

Answer 4

Glossopharyngeal n.
Innervation to one swallowing m. + taste from caudal 1/3 pf tongue + innervation to parotid gland
Motor & sensory

Question 5

CNX name
Function
Motor or sensory?

Answer 5

Vagus n.
Innervation to laryngeal & pharyngeal mm. + innervation to almost all abdominal & thoracic viscera.
Motor & sensory & autonomic

Question 6

CNXI name
Function
Motor or sensory?

Answer 6

Accessory n.
Innervates trapezius & brachiocephalicus mm.
Motor

Question 7

CNXII name
Function
Motor or sensory?

Answer 7

Hypoglossal n.
Tongue movement
Motor

Question 8

What is the process of a simple reflex arc?

Answer 8

Receptors detect the stimulus
Stimulus is sent via a sensory neuron
Information is then transmitted via a primary sensory neuron in a spinal ganglion.
Information goes to the grey matter of the spinal cord
Information is transmitted to LMN via an interneuron
Motor axons send inhibitory & stimulatory signals

Question 9

CNII name
Function
Motor or sensory?

Answer 9

Optic n.
Transmits visual signals from the retina to the brainstem & forebrain
Sensory

Question 10

CNIII name
Function
Motor or sensory?

Answer 10

Oculomtor n.
Innervates most extraocular muscles so can control eye movements + innervates muscles involved in pupillary constriction
Motor

Question 11

CNIV name
Function
Motor or sensory?

Answer 11

Trochlear n.
Innervates dorsal oblique m. so intorts eyeball
Motor + autonomic

Question 12

CNV name
Function
Motor or sensory?

Answer 12

Trigeminal n.
Innervates mm. of mastication & mm. of facial sensation
Motor + sensory

Question 13

CNVI name
Function
Motor or sensory?

Answer 13

Abducens n.
Innervates lateral rectus m. so moves eye laterally.
Motor

Question 14

CNVII name
Function
Motor or sensory?

Answer 14

Facial n.
Innervates mm. of facial expression + most salivary & lacrimal glands + taste from rostral 2/3 of tongue
Motor

Question 15

CNVIII name
Function
Motor or sensory?

Answer 15

Vestibulocochlear n.
Senses sound, rotation & gravity, essential for balance & synchronous eye movements. Vestibular branch carries impulses for equilibrium & cochlear branch carries impulses for hearing.
Sensory

Question 16

CNIX name
Function
Motor or sensory?

Answer 16

Glossopharyngeal n.
Taste from caudal 1/3 of tongue + innervation to the parotid gland + innervation to one of the swallowing m.
Sensory + motor + autonomic

Question 17

CNX name
Function
Motor or sensory?

Answer 17

Vagus n.
Motor innervation to most laryngeal & pharyngeal mm. + parasympathetic innervation of almost all thoracic & abdominal viscera
Sensory + motor + autonomic

Question 18

CNXI name
Function
Motor or sensory?

Answer 18

Accessory n.
Innervation of trapezius & brachiocephalicus mm.
Motor

Question 19

CNXII name
Function
Motor or sensory?

Answer 19

Hypoglossal n.
Tongue movement
Motor