sum of interior angles
(n-2) x 180
sum of exterior angles
360
how to calc exterior angle
360/n
area of parallelogram
b x h
area of trapezium
0.5(a+b)h
area of kite/rhombus
(diagonal 1 x diagonal 2)/2
circumference of circle
2πr = πd
volume of sphere
4/3 πr3
surface area of sphere
4πr2
total population size
(total area/area sampled) x # of organisms of that species counted in sample
rate of transpiration
volume of water/time taken
cardiac output
heart rate x stroke volume
autosome
not a sex chromosome
A G
purine
C T U
pyrimidine
interphase stages
G1, S, G2
golgi + vesicles function
- add carbs to proteins to form glycoproteins
- produce secretory enzymes
- secrete carbs
- transport, modify + store lipids
- form lysosomes
- molecules “labelled” with their destination, e.g by adding a receptor
- finished products transported to cell surface in golgi vesicles + they fuse with the membrane + the contents are released
centrioles
- create spindle fibres
- spindle fibres released from both poles + create spindle apparatus
- spindle apparatus attach the centromere + chromatids on the chromosome during mitosis
what is the unloading/dissociation of haemoglobin?
when oxygen detaches or unbinds from haemoglobin
is oxygen loaded in areas with high or low partial pressure? give an example of one of these areas.
- high partial pressure
- alveoli
is oxygen unloaded in areas with high or low partial pressure? give an example of one of these areas.
- low partial pressure
- respiring tissues
describe the oxyhaemoglobin dissociation curve and what it shows
- sigma curve
- oxygen partial pressure on x axis, % saturation on y axis
- lower partial pressure = lower affinity = unloading of O2 at sites where it’s needed
- almost 100% saturation of O2 at higher partial pressure = haemoglobin high affinity for oxygen in areas of high partial pressure, bc loading lots of oxygen which is transported by rbc to be unloaded in areas where respiration is occuring (low partial pressure areas)
