Other than caregiver and educator, what other roles does the nurse play?
- Advocate (Ensure the health, welfare, and safety of pt)
- Coordinator (Manage time, people and resources and care environment)
- Change Agent (Address health/organizational/community concerns)
- Discharge Planner (Assesses pt’s needs @ time of admission and links pt w/ available community resources)
- Researcher (Promote growth in nursing science and develop a scientific basis for nursing practice)
What does it mean to use evidence-based nursing practice?
The conscientious and consistent use of scientific research (strength and quality) to make informed decisions in relation to patient-centered care
What is the WHO’s definition of health?
“A state of complete physical, mental, and social-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity.”
What factors can affect health?
- Genetics (biological and genetic makeup)
- Cognitive ability (affect a pt’s view of health and ability to seek out resources)
- Demographic factors (certain diseases more prevalent in a certain age group or sex)
- Geographic factors (predisposes a person to certain conditions)
- Culture (determines a pt’s health perception, motivation to seek care, and types of health practices performed)
- Lifestyle and environment (i.e. diet, level of activity, exposure to toxins)
- Health beliefs and practices (can affect health positively or negatively)
- Previous health experiences (influence reactions to illness and the decision to seek care)
- Spirituality (affects a pt’s view of illness and healthcare)
- Support systems (affect the degree to which a person adapts and copes w/ a situation)
How does an acute illness differ from a chronic one?
-Acute illnesses have a relatively abrupt onset, high intensity, and short duration.
- Chronic illness usually last 1 year or mor, needs continuous treatment and limits ADLs
The presence of illness in a family member can have a dramatic effect on the functioning of the family as a unit which depends on what factors?
- Which family member is ill (primary breadwinner?)
- The seriousness and duration of the illness
- The family’s social and cultural customs
Good health practices can contribute to _____ illnesses, a _____ life span, and _____ healthcare costs.
fewer; longer; lower
Health promotion is the process of teaching _____ health practices and finding ways to help people avoid _____ health practices.
good; bad
Considering that aging is a state of mind and body; what would the patient education of an older adult pt focus on?
- Continue as many activities as possible depending on mobility
- Foster exploration of new interests or hobbies
- Recommend community resources (i.e. seminars, fitness classes)
What are the 5 rights of delegation?
- Task (within scope and practice)
- Circumstance (pt condition, environment, caregiver training)
- Person (legal authority to perform the task according to law and institutional policies)
- Direction and Communication (clear, specific, and understood)
- Supervision and follow-up (delegating nurse guides and evaluates performance and provide additional training and feedback)
Critical thinkers are open-minded, seek the truth, and actively pursue answers to questions to obtain the big pictures. TRUE or FALSE.
TRUE
What does ADPIE stand for?
- Assessment
- Diagnosis
- Planning
- Implementation
- Evaluation
Assessment involves the gathering of information of what sources?
- Pt’s S/S
- Pt Hx
- Subjective findings from the pt (Interviewing)
- Objective findings (Physical Assessment/Vital Signs/Diagnostics/Labs)
In general, when interviewing a pt, what should you do to help facilitate a good interview?
- Allow the pt time to think and reflect
- Encourage the pt to talk
- Encourage the pt to describe or elaborate on a particular experience
- Indicate that you are listening to the pt utilizing therapeutic communication techniques (paraphrasing, clarifying, summarizing, and active listening)
What are some interview techniques that should be avoided?
- Rushing the interview
- Asking “why” or “how” questions
- Asking probing or persistent questions
- Using inappropriate or confusing language
- Giving advice
- Giving false reassurance
- Sharing personal stories
- Changing the subject or interrupting
- Using cliches or stereotypical responses
- Giving excessive approval
- Using defensive responses
If you need to document during the interview using a computer or electronic device, make sure your back is not toward the pt. TRUE or FALSE.
TRUE. Making eye contact and nodding indicates understanding and are cues that will assure the pt that you are listening to them.
The pt’s health history consists of 5 major sections which are?
- Biographic data
- Health and illness patterns
- Health promotion and protection patterns
- Role and relationship patterns,
- Summary of health history data
Other the the pt’s age, DOB, and sex what other information would be included in the pt’s biographic data?
- Address
- Telephone #
- Race
- Nationality
- Marital status
- Occupation
- Education
- Religion
- Cultural background
- Emergency contact person
What information would be included in the health and illness patterns section of the pt’s health history?
- CC
- Hx of present illness
- Current, past, and family health hx
- Status of physiologic systems/Review of systems (Head to Toe)
- Any type of exposure to environmental hazards or contagious diseases
- Social and developmental considerations
The PQRST mnemonic device provides a systematic approach for obtaining what type of information?
Additional details about a specific symptom or health concern
Name the components of the PQRST mnemonic device.
- P: Provocative/Palliative
- Q: Quality or quantity
- R: Region or radiation
- S: Severity
- T: Timing
What type of questions would be asked for the P of the PQRST mnemonic?
- What makes the symptom better
- What makes the symptom worse
- What triggers the symptom (position, emotion, etc.)?
What type of questions would be asked for the P of the PQRST mnemonic?
- What does the symptom feel like, look like, or sound like?
- Are you having the symptom right now? If so, is it more or less severe than usual?
- To what degree does the symptom affect your normal activities?
Questions including “Where in the body does the symptom occur?” and “Does the symptom appear or move to other regions? If so, where?” are components of what part of the PQRST mnemonic?
R (Region or radiation)
