Oa

Question 1

what are the poor prognostic markers of cardiac arrest?

Answer 1

• age
• heart failure
• reduced systolic pressure
• higher killip class
• initial increased serum creatinine kinase
• initial increased cardiac markers
• cardiac arrest on admission
• st segment deviation

Question 2

killip class I

Answer 2

No clinical signs of heart failure

Question 3

Killip class 2

Answer 3

Lung crackles S3

Question 4

Killip class 3

Answer 4

Frank pulmonary oedema

Question 5

Killip class 4

Answer 5

Cardiogenic shock

Question 6

Which beta blockers reduce mortality in Heart failure?

Answer 6

• carvediol
• bisoprolol

Question 7

When is staph epidermidis the most common cause of infective endocarditis?

Answer 7

If less than 2 months post heart valve surgery

Question 8

Scarlet fever

Answer 8

• strawberry tongue and facial sparing

Question 9

Chicken pox

Answer 9

itchy, on the head before spreads
- macular to vesicular to papular rash

Question 10

Measles

Answer 10

• starts on the face then moves to the body
• koplik spots (on inside of the mouth)

Question 11

What is the triad of normal pressure hydrocephalus?

Answer 11

• urinary incontinence
• dementia and bradyphrenia
• gait abnormality (may be similar to Parkinson’s disease)

Question 12

Cyclizine

Answer 12

Intracranial causes of vomiting

Question 13

Metoclopramide

Answer 13

Nausea related to gastric dysmotility and stasis

Question 14

Ondasetron

Answer 14

Opioid associated nausea and vomiting

Question 15

What are the paraneoplastic features associated with small cell lung cancer?

Answer 15

• ADH
• ACTH
• Lambert-eaton

Question 16

What are the paraneoplastic features associated with squamous cell lung cancer

Answer 16

• PTH-rp -> hypercalcaemia
• clubbing
• HPOA - periosteal reaction
• ectopic TSH ->hyperthyroid

Question 17

What are the paraneoplastic features associated with adenocarcinoma?

Answer 17

• gynaecomastia
• HPOA

Question 18

What is the opioid of choice in palliative care for a patient with severe renal failure?

Answer 18

• fentanyl
• buprenorphine
• metabolised in the liver and not renally excreted

Question 19

What changes should be made to medications for those on levothyroxine in pregnancy

Answer 19

increase dose (up to 50%)

Question 20

What should you do if a patient is treated for a pneumothorax but there is not an acceptable level of reversibility/recurrent air leak

Answer 20

VATs

Question 21

Conns - potassium

Answer 21

Hypokalaemia

Question 22

Addisons - potassium

Answer 22

Hyperkalaemia

Question 23

What are the signs of autonomic dysreflexia?

Answer 23

After spinal cord damage

• extreme hypotnesion
• flushing
• sweatign above the level of the cord lesion
• agitation

Question 24

What is the best tumour marker for hepatocellular carcinoma?

Answer 24

serum AFP

Question 25

Where is asbestosis most commonly seen on x ray

Answer 25

Lower lobes

Question 26

What is the test for antiphospholipid syndrome?

Answer 26

Anticardiolipin antibody

Question 27

What blood product has the highest risk of bacteria

Answer 27

Platelets

Question 28

Which valve is most commonly affected in IVDU with infective endocarditis

Answer 28

Tricuspid

Question 29

What are the contraindications to statins?

Answer 29

- Pregnancy - macrolides

Question 30

When should you discontinue statins?

Answer 30

If serum transaminases rise to 3 times the upper limit

Question 31

What is the management of immune thrombocytopenia?

Answer 31

- Oral pred if mild - IV immunoglobulin if severe

Question 32

What is the rate at which potassium can be replaced

Answer 32

10mm/hour

Question 33

Test results and presentation acute interstitial nephritis

Answer 33

- eosinophilia - aki - fever, rash, and arthralgia

Question 34

What murmur ventricular septal defect?

Answer 34

Pansystolic

Question 35

What is the treatment of local anaesthetic toxicity?

Answer 35

Local anesthetic toxicity can be treated with IV 20% lipid emulsion

Question 36

HNPCC

Answer 36

- colon cancer - endometrial cancer

Question 37

Granulocytes on blood film

Answer 37

myeloid