Sensitivity
Likelihood that a positive result is truly positive
eg. urine pregnancy test
High sensitivity = low false negative, used to rule in
Specificity
Likelihood that a negative result is truly negative,
eg. HIV Western blot, biopsies
High specificity = low false positive
Gonorrhea treatment
Ceftriaxone (IM or IV)
(or other 3rd gen cephalosporin)
Chlamydia treatment
Doxycycline
Azithromycin in pregnant patients
Bacterial vaginosis treatment
Metronidazole or Clindamycin
*only STI where you don’t need to concurrently treat partners
Trichomoniasis treatment
Metronidazole
(for protozoa coverage)
Yeast infection/candidiasis treatment
Fluconazole
Clotrimazole in pregnant patients
H. ducreyi (chancroid treatment)
Azithromycin (PO) or Ceftriaxone (IM)
PID empiric treatment
IM Doxycycline plue either:
1-cefotetan
2-cefoxitin
3-ceftriaxone plus metronidazole
Then 14-day oral course of doxy + metronidazole
What coverage is needed for empiric treatment of PID
Gonorrhea and chlamydia,
PID treatment if allergic to penicillin
Clindamycin PLUS gentamicin
UTI treatment (uncomplicated)
Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (bactrim)
UTI treatment (complicated)
Ciprofloxacin
Asymptomatic bacteriuria in pregnancy treatment
Amoxicillin-calvulanate
UTI treatment in pregnancy
Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole
ONLY in 1st and 2nd trimester
Uncomplicated pyelonephritis treatment
Ciprofloxacin (or other fluoroquinolone)
Complicated pyelonephritis treatment
1–Cabapenem (Meropenem, doripenem, ertapenem)
2–Extended spectrum penicillin with beta lactamase inhibitor (Piperacillin-tazobactam)
3–Aztronam
4–Extended spectrum cephalosporin (Ceftriaxone, ceftazidime, cefepime)
Mastitis treatment
Dixloxacillin
-need to cover staph aureus
HIV Vertical Transmission Prophylaxis
> 1000, administer IV zidovudine 3 hours before c-section
≥ 50 – ≤1000, low risk of transmission, zidovudine can be administered at mother’s request
< 50, zidovudine not recommended
