OBGYN Tutorial Q&A

Question 1

3 components required to define labour

Answer 1

Regular Uterine Contractions
Cervical Dilation
Effacement

Question 2

Stages of Labor

Answer 2

First Stage: Latent Phase (0 – 6cm) (<1cm/hr) and Active phase (6 – 10cm) (>1.2-1.5cm/hr)
Second Stage: Delivery of baby (<2h if Nulliparous, <1h if Multiparous)
Third Stage : Delivery of placenta (30 mins)

Question 3

Fetal Heart Rate monitoring. When & What?

Answer 3

Every 15 minutes during active phase, every 5 mins during 2nd stage
a. Pinard Stethoscope
b. Fetal Doppler
(i) External: Electrodes over the abdomen
(ii) Internal: Electrode attached to fetal head

Question 4

CTG - normal fetal HR?

Answer 4

110-160bpm

Question 5

CTG - Accelerations?

Answer 5

> 15 bpm for more than 15 seconds + >2 Accelerations in 20 minutes

Question 6

What are decelerations?

Answer 6

A temporary decline in FHR >15 bpm for maximum 3 minutes

Question 7

What are the CTG findings suggestive of? (VEAL CHOP)

Answer 7

1. V - variable deceleration C - Cord compression
2. E - early deceleration H - head compression
3. A - Acceleration O - Ok!
4. L - Late acceleration P - Placental insufficiency

Question 8

What are the signs of placental separation?

Answer 8

1. Cord lengthening,
2. gush of vaginal blood,
3. uterine fundal rebound

Question 9

What is category 1 in fetal heart rate tracing patterns?

Answer 9

• baseline 110-160 bpm
• moderate variability (6-25/min)
• no late/variable decelerations
  +/- early decelerations
  +/- accelerations

Question 10

What are the category III fetal heart tracings criteria?

Answer 10

Emergency. Any one of these or more:
1. absent variability + recurrent late decelerations
2. Absent variability + recurrent variable decelerations
3. Absent variability + bradycardia
4. Sinusoidal pattern