What is DHCP and what does it do?
- A method for encrypting emails
- A service that stores domain records
- A protocol that automatically assigns IP addresses and network settings to devices
- A protocol for secure web traffic
A protocol that automatically assigns IP addresses and network settings to devices
Practical Example: DHCP assigns IP addresses, subnet masks, gateways, and DNS automatically.
Exam Objective: CompTIA N10-009 Objective 3.4 – Implement IPv4 and IPv6 Network Services.
Follow-Up Question: Why is DHCP useful in large networks?
What is a DHCP reservation?
- An IP address permanently assigned to a device via its MAC address
- An unused IP address
- A temporary lease for an IP address
- A range of IPs excluded from assignment
An IP address permanently assigned to a device via its MAC address
Practical Example: Printers often get reserved IPs to maintain consistent addressing.
Exam Objective: CompTIA N10-009 Objective 3.4 – Implement IPv4 and IPv6 Network Services.
Follow-Up Question: When might you prefer a reservation over static IP?
What is a DHCP scope?
- A type of IP exclusion
- A time limit for IP address use
- A method for securing IP traffic
- A defined range of IP addresses a DHCP server can assign
A defined range of IP addresses a DHCP server can assign
Practical Example: Example: Scope of 192.168.1.100–192.168.1.200.
Exam Objective: CompTIA N10-009 Objective 3.4 – Implement IPv4 and IPv6 Network Services.
Follow-Up Question: Why should scopes be sized appropriately?
What is DHCP lease time?
- The maximum uptime of a device
- The time DHCP waits to start
- The duration a device can use an IP address before renewal
- The speed of IP assignment
The duration a device can use an IP address before renewal
Practical Example: Short leases suit guest Wi-Fi, long leases suit stable LAN devices.
Exam Objective: CompTIA N10-009 Objective 3.4 – Implement IPv4 and IPv6 Network Services.
Follow-Up Question: How could very short leases cause problems?
What are DHCP options?
- Methods for encrypting DHCP traffic
- Backup DHCP servers
- Reserved IP addresses only
- Extra parameters sent with DHCP like DNS and NTP servers
Extra parameters sent with DHCP like DNS and NTP servers
Practical Example: Option 6 can assign DNS servers automatically.
Exam Objective: CompTIA N10-009 Objective 3.4 – Implement IPv4 and IPv6 Network Services.
Follow-Up Question: Why might a DHCP option be used for VoIP phones?
What is a DHCP relay (IP helper)?
- A DHCP backup system
- A feature that encrypts DHCP traffic
- A static IP assignment tool
- A service that forwards DHCP requests to a server on another subnet
A service that forwards DHCP requests to a server on another subnet
Practical Example: Used when DHCP server and clients are on different subnets.
Exam Objective: CompTIA N10-009 Objective 3.4 – Implement IPv4 and IPv6 Network Services.
Follow-Up Question: How does a relay help in multi-subnet networks?
What is a DHCP exclusion range?
- An entire unused subnet
- A range of IPs in a scope not given out dynamically
- A list of blocked MAC addresses
- A backup DHCP scope
A range of IPs in a scope not given out dynamically
Practical Example: Prevents IP conflicts with statically assigned devices.
Exam Objective: CompTIA N10-009 Objective 3.4 – Implement IPv4 and IPv6 Network Services.
Follow-Up Question: Why might you exclude router or printer IPs?
What is SLAAC in IPv6?
- A method for IPv4 auto configuration
- A method for devices to self-configure IPv6 addresses from router ads
- A DHCP option for IPv6 only
- A static assignment for IPv6
A method for devices to self-configure IPv6 addresses from router ads
Practical Example: IPv6 hosts can form addresses without DHCPv6.
Exam Objective: CompTIA N10-009 Objective 3.4 – Implement IPv4 and IPv6 Network Services.
Follow-Up Question: When is SLAAC preferred over DHCPv6?
Difference between DHCP reservation and exclusion range?
- Reservation removes IPs from use, exclusion assigns fixed IPs
- Both exclude IPs from assignment
- Reservation assigns a fixed IP, exclusion removes IPs from dynamic pool
- Both assign fixed IPs
Reservation assigns a fixed IP, exclusion removes IPs from dynamic pool
Practical Example: Reservations ensure the same IP for a device; exclusions block assignment entirely.
Exam Objective: CompTIA N10-009 Objective 3.4 – Implement IPv4 and IPv6 Network Services.
Follow-Up Question: When would you use both together?
Difference between DHCP and SLAAC?
- Both assign addresses via DHCP server
- DHCP assigns all settings centrally, SLAAC self-generates IPv6 address
- DHCP is only for IPv6
- SLAAC assigns IPv4 only
DHCP assigns all settings centrally, SLAAC self-generates IPv6 address
Practical Example: SLAAC uses router advertisements, DHCP uses a server.
Exam Objective: CompTIA N10-009 Objective 3.4 – Implement IPv4 and IPv6 Network Services.
Follow-Up Question: Which is easier to deploy in IPv6 networks?
A printer always needs the same IP — which feature would you use?
- DHCP exclusion
- DHCP scope
- DHCP relay
- DHCP reservation
DHCP reservation
Practical Example: Reservation ties IP to MAC for consistent addressing.
Exam Objective: CompTIA N10-009 Objective 3.4 – Implement IPv4 and IPv6 Network Services.
Follow-Up Question: What could happen if this printer used a dynamic IP?
Prevent certain IPs from being dynamically assigned — which feature?
- DHCP scope
- DHCP reservation
- DHCP relay
- DHCP exclusion
DHCP exclusion
Practical Example: Exclusions avoid conflicts with static devices.
Exam Objective: CompTIA N10-009 Objective 3.4 – Implement IPv4 and IPv6 Network Services.
Follow-Up Question: Why exclude gateway IP from DHCP scope?
Clients on another subnet need DHCP — what feature?
- DHCP exclusion
- SLAAC
- DHCP reservation
- DHCP relay
DHCP relay
Practical Example: Relay forwards requests to central server.
Exam Objective: CompTIA N10-009 Objective 3.4 – Implement IPv4 and IPv6 Network Services.
Follow-Up Question: Why not just install another DHCP server on that subnet?
Network with many guest devices, minimal config — which method?
- Static IPs
- Manual IPv6
- Only SLAAC
- DHCP
DHCP
Practical Example: DHCP automates IP and settings assignment.
Exam Objective: CompTIA N10-009 Objective 3.4 – Implement IPv4 and IPv6 Network Services.
Follow-Up Question: Why is DHCP preferred over static IPs for guests?
Lease time is 1 hour — effect on traffic?
- More frequent DHCP renewals
- More IP conflicts
- Less frequent DHCP renewals
- Slower internet
More frequent DHCP renewals
Practical Example: Short leases increase renewal traffic.
Exam Objective: CompTIA N10-009 Objective 3.4 – Implement IPv4 and IPv6 Network Services.
Follow-Up Question: When might short leases be beneficial?
Very long lease time issue?
- Slow boot times
- IP exhaustion if devices leave network
- Frequent renewals
- Duplicate IPs immediately
IP exhaustion if devices leave network
Practical Example: Old IPs stay assigned too long.
Exam Objective: CompTIA N10-009 Objective 3.4 – Implement IPv4 and IPv6 Network Services.
Follow-Up Question: When might long leases still be appropriate?
Device makes IPv6 address without DHCP — which method?
- DHCPv6
- SLAAC
- Manual IPv6
- IPv4 APIPA
SLAAC
Practical Example: SLAAC uses router advertisements.
Exam Objective: CompTIA N10-009 Objective 3.4 – Implement IPv4 and IPv6 Network Services.
Follow-Up Question: What protocol sends IPv6 router advertisements?
Why use SLAAC over DHCPv6?
- More secure
- Provides IPv4 support
- Allows static IPv6 only
- Simpler, no server needed
Simpler, no server needed
Practical Example: Useful in small IPv6 networks.
Exam Objective: CompTIA N10-009 Objective 3.4 – Implement IPv4 and IPv6 Network Services.
Follow-Up Question: What limitation does SLAAC have compared to DHCPv6?
What is DNS and what does it do?
- Stores website files
- Translates domain names into IP addresses
- Encrypts internet traffic
- Assigns IP addresses automatically
Translates domain names into IP addresses
Practical Example: DNS is like a phone book for the internet.
Exam Objective: CompTIA N10-009 Objective 3.4 – Implement IPv4 and IPv6 Network Services.
Follow-Up Question: Why is DNS essential for browsing?
What is DNSSEC?
- A security extension that authenticates DNS data
- A DNS caching system
- A method for speeding up DNS
- A DNS record type
A security extension that authenticates DNS data
Practical Example: DNSSEC uses digital signatures to prevent tampering.
Exam Objective: CompTIA N10-009 Objective 3.4 – Implement IPv4 and IPv6 Network Services.
Follow-Up Question: How does DNSSEC prevent cache poisoning?
What is DNS over HTTPS (DoH)?
- Secures web traffic only
- Caches DNS records locally
- Encrypts DNS queries using HTTPS protocol
- Encrypts DNS queries using TLS
Encrypts DNS queries using HTTPS protocol
Practical Example: DoH hides DNS queries within HTTPS traffic.
Exam Objective: CompTIA N10-009 Objective 3.4 – Implement IPv4 and IPv6 Network Services.
Follow-Up Question: How does DoH improve privacy?
What is DNS over TLS (DoT)?
- Encrypts DNS queries using HTTPS
- Blocks DNS lookups
- Encrypts DNS queries using TLS protocol
- Stores DNS data in plain text
Encrypts DNS queries using TLS protocol
Practical Example: DoT secures DNS queries separately from HTTPS.
Exam Objective: CompTIA N10-009 Objective 3.4 – Implement IPv4 and IPv6 Network Services.
Follow-Up Question: When might DoT be preferred over DoH?
What is an A record?
- Maps an alias to a canonical name
- Maps a domain to an IPv6 address
- Maps a domain to an IPv4 address
- Points to a mail server
Maps a domain to an IPv4 address
Practical Example: Example: example.com → 192.168.1.1
Exam Objective: CompTIA N10-009 Objective 3.4 – Implement IPv4 and IPv6 Network Services.
Follow-Up Question: Which record maps IPv6 addresses?
What is an AAAA record?
- Maps a domain to an IPv4 address
- Points to a mail server
- Maps a domain to an IPv6 address
- Maps an alias to a canonical name
Maps a domain to an IPv6 address
Practical Example: Example: example.com → 2001:db8::1
Exam Objective: CompTIA N10-009 Objective 3.4 – Implement IPv4 and IPv6 Network Services.
Follow-Up Question: Why are AAAA records becoming more important?