Where is odisha
On India’s east coast, facing the Bay of Bengal
How long is odishas coastline
480 km
Why is Odisha vulnerable
Cyclones, storm surges, erosion, High population density
Two important ecosystems in Odisha
Chillika Lagoon
mangroves
What enviourmental problem affected Odisha’s coast
Severe erosion
(Up to 13-20 m/yr in hotspots)
What climatic hazard drives risk in Odisha?
Powerful cyclones
Eg. 2012 cyclone Phailin
What human activities was causing damage in Odisha
Pollution, overfishing, illegal prawn farms, unregulated development
What soft engendering method was used in Odisha
Mangrove afforestation
Why are mangroves important in Odisha
Bio-shields that absorb wave energy, protecting against cyclones or storm surges
Stabilisises sediment
What technique is used in Odisha to stabilise Sand dunes?
Vegetation planting and fencing
What improvements were made in Chillika Lake?
Water flow restored, pollution reduced, fish stocks improved
What hard structure protects the village of Pentha, Odisha ?
A geo-tube seawall
Why use geo-tubes instead of concreted (Odisha)
They absorb wave energy and cause less enviourmental damage
What infrastructure reduces cyclone deaths in Odisha
Multi-purpose Cyclone shelters
How did ICZM support the local economy, Odisha ?
Eco-tourism and improved fishing infrastructure
Who was involved in planning and maintenance of ICZM Odisha
Local communities and women’s self help group
What educational action was taken in Odisha
Community training on coastal risks and sustainable fishing
Why was ICZM more effective than isolated management in Odisha?
It tackles the whole coast as one system (holistic)
How is OCZM sustainable
Works with natural processes- mangroves, dunes, eco-friendly livelihoods
What type of strategy is ICZM: hard, soft or strategic
Strategic
Long-management approach
What makes ICZM lon-term
Governance , monitoring and local capacity-building
Successes of Odisha ICZM
Increased biodiversity
Reduced cyclone impact- erosion, fatalities (shelter,early signs)
Improved livelihoods- eco-tourism, sustainable fishing
Limitations of ICZM Odisha
Expensive to maintain -eg geo-tube repairs
Illegal aquaculture damage mangroves still occur
Requires constant funding and political cooperation
Erosion still happens elsewhere
Odishas unique ecology
Straight coastline
Chillika lake- tempoary store in water cycle
River deltas (six)
Mangroves
