Rectus Abdominus origin, insertion, innervation, action, Palpation
Origin
Pubic Crest and Pubic Symphysis of Pubis
Insertion
Cartilages of 5th, 6th and 7th ribs and Xiphoid process
Innervation
Intercostal N
Action
Flexion of Trunk @ Vertebral column
Posterior Tilt of Pelvis
Compression of the abdominal wall
Palpation
External Oblique origin, insertion, innervation, action, Palpation
Origin
Anterior portion of iliac crest, pubic bone and abdominal aponeurosis
Insertion
Lower 8 ribs (#5-12)
Innervation
Intercostal Nerves
Action
Unilateral: contralateral rotation of trunk/vertebral column
Lateral flexion of the trunk
Example: If doing a rotating sit-up, your left external obliques will contract to move your trunk towards your right knee.
Bilateral: aids rectus abdominis with flexion of trunk/vertebral column, and posteriorly tilts the pelvis
Compresses the abdominal contents
Palpation
Internal Oblique origin, insertion, innervation, action, Palpation
Origin
Anterior portion of iliac crest, inguinal ligament, thoracolumbar fascia
Insertion
Last 3 ribs and abdominal aponeurosis
Innervation
Intercostal Nerves
Action
Unilateral: ipsilateral rotation of trunk/vertebral column
Ipsilateral lateral flexion of trunk/vertebral column
Example: If doing a rotating sit-up, your left internal obliques will contract to move your trunk towards your left knee
Bilateral: aids rectus abdominis with flexion of trunk/vertebral column and posterior tilt of the pelvis
Compresses the abdominal contents
Palpation
Erector Spinae Group origin, insertion, innervation, action, Palpation
Origin
Pelvis
Insertion
Spine, Ribcage, and the head (Mastoid Process)
Innervation
Dorsal Rami of the Corresponding Levels (Spinal Nerves)
Action Extension of the trunk/vertebral column Ipsilateral rotation of the trunk Lateral flexion of the trunk Anteriorly tilts the pelvis
Palpation
Quadratus Lumborum origin, insertion, innervation, action, Palpation
Origin
Transverse processes of L1-L4 and 12th rib
Insertion
Posterior portion of iliac crest & Iliolumbar ligament
Innervation
Lumbar Plexus
Action
Unilateral: Side flexion (lateral flexion) of the trunk/vertebral column or
elevation of the same side pelvis
Bilateral: Aids in extension of the trunk/vertebral column
Anteriorly tilts the pelvis
Depression of the 12th rib
Palpation
Anterior Scalene origin, insertion, innervation, action, Palpation
Origin
Transverse Processes of C3-6
Insertion
Scalene Tubercle of Rib 1
Innervation
Ventral Rami of the Cervical Nerves
Action
Flexes the Neck
Laterally Flexes the Neck
Elevates Rib 1
Palpation
Middle Scalene origin, insertion, innervation, action, Palpation
Origin
Transverse Processes of C2-7
Insertion
Rib 1
Innervation
Ventral Rami of the Cervical Nerves
Action
Flexes the Neck
Laterally Flexes the Neck
Elevates Rib 1
Palpation
Posterior Scalene origin, insertion, innervation, action, Palpation
Origin
Transverse Processes of C5-7
Insertion
Rib 2
Innervation
Ventral Rami of the Cervical Nerves
Action
Laterally Flexes the Neck
Elevates Rib 2
Palpation
Gluteus Maximus origin, insertion, innervation, action, Palpation
Origin
Posterior Iliac Crest, the Posterolateral Sacrum,
the Coccyx and Sacrotuberous Ligament
Insertion
Iliotibial Band (ITB) and the Gluteal Tuberosity of
the Femur.
Innervation
Inferior Gluteal Nerve
Action
Extends the Thigh at the Hip Joint
Laterally Rotates the Thigh at the Hip Joint
Abducts the Thigh at the Hip Joint (Upper 1/3)
Adducts the Thigh at the Hip Joint (Lower 2/3)
Posteriorly Tilts the Pelvis at the Hip Joint
Palpation
Gluteus Medius origin, insertion, innervation, action, Palpation
Origin
Ilium, Inferior to the Iliac Crest and between the
Anterior and Posterior Gluteal Lines
Insertion
The Greater Trochanter of the Femur
Innervation
Superior Gluteal Nerve
Action
Abducts the Thigh at the Hip Joint
Flexes the Thigh at the Hip Joint (Anterior Fibers)
Medially Rotates the Thigh at the Hip Joint
(Anterior Fibers)
Extends the Thigh at the Hip Joint (Posterior
Fibers)
Laterally Rotates the Thigh at the Hip Joint
(Posterior Fibers)
Anteriorly Tilts the Pelvis at the Hip Joint (Anterior
Fibers)
Posteriorly Tilts the Pelvis at the Hip Joint
(Posterior Fibers)
Palpation
Piriformis origin, insertion, innervation, action, Palpation
Origin
Anterior Sacrum and Anterior Surface of the
Sacrotuberous Ligament
Insertion
Greater Trochanter of the Femur
Innervation
Nerve to Piriformis (of Lumbrosacral Plexus)
Action
Laterally Rotates the Thigh at the Hip Joint
Palpation
Biceps Femoris origin, insertion, innervation, action, Palpation
Origin Long Head – Ischial Tuberosity and Sacrotuberous Ligament Short Head – Linea Aspera and Lateral Supracondylar Ridge of Femur
Insertion
Head of the Fibula and Lateral Tibial Condyle
Innervation Sciatic Nerve (Tibial–long head, common fibular–short head)
Action
Flexes the Leg at the Knee Joint
Extends the Thigh at the Hip Joint (Long Head)
Posteriorly Tilts the Pelvis at the Hip Joint (Long
Head)
Laterally Rotates the leg at Knee jnt (when knee
flexed)
Palpation
Semitendinosus origin, insertion, innervation, action, Palpation
Origin
Ischial Tuberosity
Insertion
Proximal part of medial surface of shaft of tibia
(forms Pes anserine tendon)
Innervation
Sciatic Nerve
Action
Flexes the Leg at the Knee Joint
Extends the Thigh at the Hip Joint
Posteriorly Tilts the Pelvis at the Hip Joint
Med. Rot. of leg at knee J. (When knee is flexed)
Palpation
Semimembranosus origin, insertion, innervation, action, Palpation
Origin
Ischial Tuberosity
Insertion
Medial Condyle to the Tibia (posterior surface)
Innervation Sciatic Nerve (tibial nerve)
Action
Flexes the Leg at the Knee Joint
Extends the Thigh at the Hip Joint
Posteriorly Tilts the Pelvis at the Hip Joint
Med. Rot. of leg at knee J. (When knee is flexed)
Palpation
Tensor Fascia Latae origin, insertion, innervation, action, Palpation
Origin
Anterior Superior Iliac Spine (ASIS) and Anterior Iliac Crest
Insertion Iliotibial Band (ITB) (1/3rd of the way down)
Innervation
Superior Gluteal Nerve
Action
Flexes the Thigh at the Hip Joint
Abducts the Thigh at the Hip Joint
Medially Rotates the Thigh at the Hip Joint
Palpation
Sartorius origin, insertion, innervation, action, Palpation
Origin
Anterior Superior Iliac Spine (ASIS)
Insertion
Proximal anteromedial tibia (forms Pes
anserine tendon)
Innervation
Femoral Nerve
Action Flexes the Thigh at the Hip Joint Abducts the Thigh at the Hip Joint Laterally Rotates the Thigh at the Hip Joint Flexes the Leg at the Knee Joint Med. Rot. of Leg at the Knee Joint
Palpation
Rectus Femoris origin, insertion, innervation, action, Palpation
Origin
Anterior Inferior Iliac Spine (AIIS)
Insertion
Tibial Tuberosity via the Patella and Patellar
Ligament
Innervation
Femoral Nerve
Action
Extends the Leg at the Knee Joint
Flexes the Thigh at the Hip Joint
Palpation
Vastus Medialis origin, insertion, innervation, action, Palpation
Origin
Medial Lip of the Linea Aspera of the Femur
Insertion
Tibial Tuberosity via the Patella and Patellar
Ligament
Innervation
Femoral Nerve
Action
Extends the Leg at the Knee Joint
Palpation
Vastus Lateralis origin, insertion, innervation, action, Palpation
Origin
Lateral Lip of the Linea Aspera of the Femur
Insertion
Tibial Tuberosity via the Patella and Patellar
Ligament
Innervation
Femoral Nerve
Action
Extends the Leg at the Knee Joint
Palpation
Iliotibial Band (ITB) origin, insertion, innervation, action, Palpation
Origin
The Iliac Crest
Insertion
The Lateral Condyle of the Tibia at Gerdy’s
Tubercle
Innervation
Not a muscle
Action
Contributes to knee stabilization.
Palpation
Adductor Longus origin, insertion, innervation, action, Palpation
Origin
Pubis
Insertion
Middle 1/3 of the Medial Lip of the Linea
Aspera of the Femur
Innervation
Obturator Nerve
Action
Adducts the Thigh at the Hip Joint
Flexes the Thigh at the Hip Joint
Palpation
Gracilis origin, insertion, innervation, action, Palpation
Origin
Pubis
Insertion
Proximal part of medial surface of tibia (forms
Pes anserine tendon)
Innervation
Obturator Nerve
Action Adducts the Thigh at the Hip Joint Flexes the Thigh at the Hip Joint Flexes the Leg at the Knee Joint. Med. Rot. of Leg at Knee Joint.
Palpation
Abductor Magnus origin, insertion, innervation, action, Palpation
Origin
Pubis and Ishium
Insertion
Linea Aspera, Gluteal Tuberosity, Medial
Supracondylar line and Adductor Tubercle of
the Femur
Innervation
Obturator Nerve and Sciatic Nerves
Action Adducts the Thigh at the Hip Joint Extends the Thigh at the Hip Joint Flexes the Thigh at the Hip Joint (pubic attachment of muscle)
Palpation
Tibialis Anterior origin, insertion, innervation, action, Palpation
Origin
Proximal lateral surface of the tibia (Technically no anterior surface of tibia)
Insertion
Plantar aspect of the 1st metatarsal and medial cuneiform
Innervation
Deep Fibular Nerve
Action
Dorsiflexion of ankle (talocrural joint) and inversion of the foot (subtalar joint)
• If you invert your foot in dorsiflexion, you are using mainly tib ant
Palpation
