Operating System

Question 1

What does OS stand for?

Answer 1

Operating System

Question 2

True or False: An operating system manages hardware and software resources.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

What is a process?

Answer 3

A process is a program in execution.

Question 4

Fill in the blank: The _____ is the part of the operating system that manages processes.

Answer 4

Process scheduler

Question 5

What is a thread?

Answer 5

A thread is the smallest unit of a process that can be scheduled for execution.

Question 6

Multiple Choice: Which of the following is NOT a state of a process? A) Running B) Waiting C) Sleeping D) Terminated

Answer 6

C) Sleeping

Question 7

What is the purpose of memory management in an OS?

Answer 7

To manage the allocation and deallocation of memory space to processes.

Question 8

True or False: Deadlock occurs when two or more processes are unable to proceed because each is waiting for the other to release resources.

Answer 8

True

Question 9

What is a file in the context of an operating system?

Answer 9

A file is a collection of related data or information that is stored on a storage device.

Question 10

Multiple Choice: Which of the following is a common file system? A) NTFS B) GPS C) HTTP D) FTP

Answer 10

A) NTFS

Question 11

Fill in the blank: The _____ is a system call used to create a new process.

Answer 11

fork()

Question 12

What is context switching?

Answer 12

Context switching is the process of storing the state of a process so that it can be resumed later.

Question 13

True or False: A process can have multiple threads.

Answer 13

True

Question 14

What is paging in memory management?

Answer 14

Paging is a memory management scheme that eliminates the need for contiguous allocation of physical memory.

Question 15

Multiple Choice: Which of the following is a method to prevent deadlock? A) Mutual Exclusion B) Hold and Wait C) Preemption D) Circular Wait

Answer 15

C) Preemption

Question 16

What is a semaphore?

Answer 16

A semaphore is a synchronization primitive used to control access to a common resource in concurrent systems.

Question 17

Fill in the blank: The _____ algorithm is used for deadlock detection.

Answer 17

Banker’s

Question 18

What is the role of the file system?

Answer 18

The file system is responsible for managing files on storage devices.

Question 19

True or False: Virtual memory allows a computer to use more memory than is physically available.

Answer 19

True

Question 20

What does the term ‘thrashing’ refer to in operating systems?

Answer 20

Thrashing refers to a situation where excessive paging leads to a significant decrease in performance.

Question 21

Multiple Choice: Which scheduling algorithm is based on the shortest time to completion? A) FCFS B) SJF C) RR D) Priority

Answer 21

B) SJF

Question 22

What is a deadlock avoidance strategy?

Answer 22

A deadlock avoidance strategy is a method to ensure that a system will not enter a deadlock state.

Question 23

Fill in the blank: The _____ method divides memory into fixed-size blocks.

Answer 23

Paging

Question 24

What is the difference between a process and a program?

Answer 24

A program is a static set of instructions, while a process is a dynamic execution of those instructions.

Question 25

True or False: A file descriptor is a unique identifier for an open file.

Answer 25

True

Question 26

What is the main function of the kernel in an operating system?

Answer 26

The kernel is responsible for managing system resources and communication between hardware and software.

Question 27

Multiple Choice: Which of the following is NOT a type of file access method? A) Sequential B) Random C) Direct D) Linear

Answer 27

D) Linear

Question 28

What is a critical section?

Answer 28

A critical section is a segment of code that accesses shared resources and must not be executed by more than one thread at a time.

Question 29

Fill in the blank: The _____ is a structure that contains information about a process.

Answer 29

Process Control Block (PCB)

Question 30

What is inter-process communication (IPC)?

Answer 30

IPC is a mechanism that allows processes to communicate and synchronize with each other.

Question 31

True or False: The Round Robin scheduling algorithm is preemptive.

Answer 31

True

Question 32

What does the term 'resource allocation graph' refer to?

Answer 32

A resource allocation graph is a directed graph that represents the allocation of resources to processes.

Question 33

Multiple Choice: Which of the following is a non-preemptive scheduling algorithm? A) SJF B) Round Robin C) Priority D) FCFS

Answer 33

D) FCFS

Question 34

What is a zombie process?

Answer 34

A zombie process is a process that has completed execution but still has an entry in the process table.

Question 35

Fill in the blank: The _____ system call is used to terminate a process.

Answer 35

exit()

Question 36

What is a memory leak?

Answer 36

A memory leak occurs when a program allocates memory but fails to release it back to the system.

Question 37

True or False: The LRU page replacement algorithm stands for Least Recently Used.

Answer 37

True

Question 38

What is the purpose of a mutex?

Answer 38

A mutex is used to provide mutual exclusion, ensuring that only one thread can access a resource at a time.

Question 39

Multiple Choice: Which of the following is an example of a system call? A) read() B) printf() C) main() D) exit()

Answer 39

A) read()

Question 40

What is a file allocation table (FAT)?

Answer 40

A FAT is a data structure used to keep track of the allocation of disk space to files.

Question 41

Fill in the blank: The _____ is a method of organizing files in a directory.

Answer 41

Hierarchical structure

Question 42

What is the difference between soft and hard links?

Answer 42

A hard link points directly to the inode of a file, while a soft link (or symbolic link) points to the filename.

Question 43

True or False: The exec() system call is used to create a new process.

Answer 43

False

Question 44

What is the purpose of the swap space in an operating system?

Answer 44

Swap space is used to temporarily hold data that cannot be held in physical memory.

Question 45

Multiple Choice: Which of the following is an example of a blocking operation? A) Reading from a file B) Writing to a file C) Sending a signal D) None of the above

Answer 45

A) Reading from a file

Question 46

What is the difference between a hard disk and a solid-state drive (SSD)?

Answer 46

A hard disk uses spinning disks to read/write data, while an SSD uses flash memory.

Question 47

Fill in the blank: The _____ is a tool used to monitor system performance.

Answer 47

Task manager

Question 48

What is a race condition?

Answer 48

A race condition occurs when multiple threads access shared data and try to change it at the same time.

Question 49

True or False: The fork() system call creates a duplicate process.

Answer 49

True

Question 50

What is a system boot?

Answer 50

System boot is the process of starting up a computer and loading the operating system into memory.

Question 51

Multiple Choice: Which of the following is NOT a type of memory? A) RAM B) ROM C) Cache D) Disk

Answer 51

D) Disk

Question 52

What is the purpose of the process state transition diagram?

Answer 52

It shows the states a process can be in and the transitions between those states.

Question 53

Fill in the blank: The _____ is the primary memory used for storing data that is actively being used.

Answer 53

RAM

Question 54

What is the function of the I/O system in an operating system?

Answer 54

The I/O system manages input and output devices and provides a way for processes to communicate with them.