Organisms

Question 1

Strep. Pneumoniae

Answer 1

Positive diplococci

Question 2

Haemophilus influenza

Answer 2

Negative cocco-bacilli

Question 3

Moraxella catarrhalis

Answer 3

Negative coccus

Associated with smoking

Question 4

Staph aureus

Answer 4

Positive cocci - grape bunch clusters

Question 5

Name 4 atypical pnumonias

Answer 5

Legionella - hepatitis and low na
Mycoplasma - joint pain, EM - Rx of sjs and AIHA.
Chlamydia pneumonia
Chlamydia psittaci

Have no cell wall so do not respond to penicillins. Require macrolides and tetracyclines

Question 6

Name 3 slow growing mycobacterium

Answer 6

M. Marinarum
M. Avium
M. Ulcerans

Question 7

Name 3 fast growing mycobacterium

Answer 7

M. Abcessus
M. Chelonae
M. Fotuitum

Question 8

Name 3 flaviviruses

Answer 8

HCV
yellow fever
Dengue

Question 9

Infection associated with canned foods and honey

Answer 9

Chlostridium botulinum

Question 10

Super antigen mediated diarrhoea x3

Answer 10

Clostridium perfringens
Staph. Aureus
Bacillus cereus

Both non bloody
Perfringens classically from reheated meats and is found in colon flora but not in small bowel.
Staph aureus appears in clusters on gram stain, is beta haemolytic on blood agar

Question 11

Comma shaped, or s shaped

Answer 11

(Also vibriosis - cholera, parahaemolyticus, vulnificus)

Campylobacter jejuni

V motile
Can cause guillain barre

Treat with erythromycin or cipro if early on.
BLOODY fouls smelling

Question 12

Infective Causes of bloody stool x4

Answer 12

SEEC

Shigella
Enterobacteriacae E. coli
Entamoeba histolytica
Campylobacter

Question 13

Pear shaped trophozoite

Answer 13

Giardia lamblia

Question 14

Oocysts seen in stool by modified kinyoun acid fast stain

Answer 14

Cryptosporidium

Question 15

Campylobacter jejuni

Answer 15

Gramm -ve curved rod

Same as vibrio

Question 16

Multiplies in peyers patches, and can cause messenteric adenitis and necrotising granulomas

Answer 16

Yersinia enterocolitis

Question 17

Flask shaped ulcer

Answer 17

Entamoeba histolytica

Question 18

Reheated or dodgy meat

Answer 18

Clostridium perfringens

Salmonella enteritides

Question 19

RSV prophylaxis and treatment in kids with heart or lung disease

Answer 19

Palivizumab

Ribavirin (guanosine analogue)

Question 20

First line treatment in BK virus treatment

Answer 20

Cidofovir IV

Question 21

HBV treatment

Answer 21

PegINF alpha 2a
Entecavir
Tenofovir

Prevent cirrhosis and HCC

Question 22

treponema pallidum

Answer 22

gram negative spirochete - visualised on dark ground microspcopy in primary lesions or PCR.

Question 23

brucella

Answer 23

gram negative cocco bacillus

Question 24

helicobacter pylori

Answer 24

spiral flagellated Gram negative

Question 25

group b strep

Answer 25

beta haemolytic gramm positive coccus

Question 26

neisseria gonorrhoea

Answer 26

obligate intracellular gram negative diploccoccus

Question 27

Listeria monocytogenes

Answer 27

gramm postive flagellated rod

Question 28

Legionella pneumophilia

Answer 28

gram negative flagellated

Question 29

e.coli

Answer 29

gram negative rod, facultative anaerobe

Question 30

shiga like verotoxin

Answer 30

EHEC

Question 31

things that multply in peyers patches?

Answer 31

yersinia and typhoid?

Question 32

leptospirosis

Answer 32

contact with animals - thin aerobic spirochetes non specific symptoms and photophobia. gold standard diagnosis is microspcopic agglutination test

Question 33

neisseria meningitidis

Answer 33

gram neg diplococcus

Question 34

chocolate agar

Answer 34

haemophilus

Question 35

cahncroid

Answer 35

caused by haemophilus ducreyi causes a painful genital ulcer that leads to infected painful inguinal lymph nodes on one side. unilateral.

Question 36

What is the normal pH of the vagina

Answer 36

3.8-4.2

Question 37

how do you differentiate staph and strep

Answer 37

catalse staph is catalase positive strep is catalse neg

Question 38

treatment of neisseria meningitidis meningitis

Answer 38

cefotaxime

Question 39

how does hepatitis b present?

Answer 39

fever, vomiting, loss of appetite jaundice 2-3 months after the infection incubation period

Question 40

What happens to lympocytes in mono?

Answer 40

they look atypical

Question 41

oral nystatin wash

Answer 41

candida albicans - test by doing beta d glucan

Question 42

How does asperigillus present in immunocompromised?

Answer 42

sperical opacity in lung fields

Question 43

how do you treat sporotricosis?

Answer 43

itra/fluconazole presents iwth spots, small an painless on the pricked arm from a rose. they may ulcerate

Question 44

castaneda medium

Answer 44

brucellosis

Question 45

what heart problem does rubella syndrome casue

Answer 45

PDA