Ortho

Question 1

Name risk factors for DDH

Answer 1

• Breech positioning in utero
  
  • Female
  • First born
  • Multiples
  • Oligohydramnios
  • Family history of DDH
    Tight swaddling

Question 2

Name causes of acquired torticollis

Answer 2

• RPA
  
  • Viral myositis
  • Pharyngitis
  • OM
  • Cervical adenitis
  • RUL pneumonia
  • C-spine tumor
    JIA

Question 3

Name 3 skeletal criteria for Marfans

Answer 3

wrist sign and thumb sign, pectus carinatum, hindfoot deformity, acetabular protrusion, reduced upper to lower segment ratio, scoliosis or kyphosis

Question 4

Physical findings of Ricketts

Answer 4

rachitic rosary, FTT, proximal muscle weakness, fractures, craniotabes, frontal bossing, craniosynostosis, Harrison groove, scoliosis, kyphosis, tetany, seizures, stridor

Question 5

Causes of persistent toe walking

Answer 5

• Spina bifida
• Autism
• Duchenne muscular dystrophy
• Leg length discrepancy
• Cerebral palsy
• Idiopathic (ie congenital Achilles tendon shortening)
• Congenital disorders of glycosylation

Question 6

causes of congenital torticollis

Answer 6

• Postural torticollis
  
  • Hemivertebrae
  • Cystic hygroma
    Branchial cleft cyst

Question 7

SCFE risk factors

Answer 7

Obesity, male, family hx, trauma, hypothyroidism, hypopituitarism (GH deficiency), renal osteodystrophy