1
Q
Upper removable appliance components
A
Active component
Retention
Anchorage
Baseplate
2
Q
What information would you give to a patient who smokes tobacco but is considering switching to e-cigarettes
A
- e-cigs are 95% less harmful
- lack of evidence so consider other forms e.g. patches
3
Q
Emergency drugs (only stunning men are getting actual girls)
A
- oxygen
- salbutamol
- midazolam
- adrenaline
- GTN spray
- Aspirin
- Glucagon
4
Q
oxygen conc for an unwell patient
A
15l/min
5
Q
Warfarin mechanism of action
A
inhibits coagulation by vitamin K antagonism
6
Q
Max INR for extraction in Scotland
A
3.5
7
Q
Warfarin interactions
A
- metronidazole and ibuprofen increase effect
- carbamazepine inhibits
- don’t use NSAID’S as anti platelet effects increase bleeding time
8
Q
Smoking cessation - 5As
A
- ask
- advise
- assess
- assist
- arrange follow up
9
Q
Caries risk assessment components
A
- MH
- Fluoride
- Oral hygiene
- clinical assessment
- diet
- saliva
- social history
10
Q
What should be included in a diet diary?
A
- everything eaten and when over the course of 3 days
- 1 weekend day and 2 week days
11
Q
fitting a removal appliance - steps
A
- ensure right patient and right appliance
- ensure appliance matches description
- check for sharp edges
- integrity of wire
- fits into mouth without blanching/trauma
- posterior retention
- anterior retention
- activate active component
- demonstrate correct removal procedure for appliance and ask patient to do it
- book review appointment
12
Q
instructions to pt after delivering removable appliance
A
- will feel big and bulky initially - will get used to it
- may be mild discomfort - indicates it is working
- will impinge on speak - practice reading aloud
- may drool especially first 24 hours
- wear all the time especially meal times
- Clean after every meal
- remove and store for contact and active sports
- non-compliance significantly increases treatment time
- avoid sticky hard foods and fizzy drinks
- be cautious with hot food and drinks
- emergency contact number
13
Q
Retentive component used for molars
A
Adams clasp 0.7mm HSSW
14
Q
Retentive component used for incisors
A
Southend clasp 0.7mm HSSW
15
Q
Post-op instructions following extraction
A
- expect pain - recommend analgesia for 1-3 days
- bleeding unlikely but possibe
- avoid exercise that day
- do not explore socket with tongue - can disrupt clot
- avoid hard or hot foods
- pt still numb - hot foods
- avoid alcohol for 24 hours
- do not rinse out for several hours or until the next day
- rinse around 4 times a day especially after eating
16
Q
Medical Emergency assessment
A
ABCDE
- Airway
- breathing
- circulation
- disability
- exposure
17
Q
Anaphylaxis treatment
A
- IM injection adrenaline 1:1000, 0.5mg
- only if life threatening
18
Q
Angina treatment
A
- 400micrograms GTN spray
- 300mg aspiring crushed or chewed if MI
19
Q
asthma treatment
A
- salbutamol inhaler 100micrograms per actuation
20
Q
hypoglycaemia treatment
A
- glucose tablets
- glucose 1 milligram IM injcetion
21
Q
Angina symptoms
A
- increased breathing and circulation rate
- pale, clammy, central chest pain
22
Q
Asthma features
A
- increased breathing and circulatory rate
- wheezing
23
Q
hypoglycaemia features
A
- initially talking
- initially increased breathing and circulation rate
- initially alert
- irritable, confused, pale
24
Q
seizure treatment
A
- if repeated or prolonged consider 10mg midazolam via buccal mucosa
25
syncope treatment
elevate legs
26
Reversible pulpits
- mild inflammation to pulp
- tooth may respond more than normal to stimuli e.g. heat
- stimuli tend to produce sharp pain (a delta fibres) that resolves within 5-10 secs after stimuli removed
- cause of inflammation caries - pulp-dentine complex returns to normal
27
irreversible pulpitis
- dull aching pain lasting minutes or hours
- worsens at night or when lying down due to increased pulpal pressure
- will become necrotic if left untreated
- tx = XLA/RCT
28
necrosis
- blood supply non-existent
- negative to EPT and cold sensitivity
- radiographic PDL thickening and PA lucency
- tx= ends/XLA
29
ANUG - actue necrotising ulcerative gingivitis treatment
- ultrasonic debridement
- chlorohexidine mouthwash, oral hygiene instruction
- metronidazole 400mg 3x a day for 3 days
- or amoxycillin 500mg 3x a day for 5 days
30
ANUP - Actue necrotising ulcerative periodontitis treatment
- metronidazole 400mg 3x a day for 3 days
- chlorohexidine 0.2% 10ml - 2 x a day
31
PROS- Primary impression lab card
- please cast impressions in 50:50 plaster:stone and make upper tray with standard handle and lower special tray with intra-oral handle in light cured PMMA
32
PROS - master impressions lab card
- please cast impressions
- make upper and lower record blocks, with shellac base
33
tooth trial lab card
- please mount casts in registration and set teeth for wax trial
- specify tooth shade
=- return wax trial dentures on mounted casts. specific instructions e.g. diastemas
34
final denture card - PROS
re-trial; remount casts and make specified changes for second trial
finished: please wax up for finish and process in heat cured acrylic resin
35
What is the vibrating line?
junction between hard and soft palate
36
Mandibular soft tissue landmarks - pros
- retromolar pads
- mylohyoid line
- sublingual crescent
- lingual frenum
- buccal shelf
- mentalis muscle
- labial frenum
37
pros - maxillary anatomical landmarks
- hamular notches
- tuberosities
- palatine fovea
- labial and buccal frenums
38
maxillary anatomy considerations in pros
- 1 degree support hard palate
- 2 degrees support alveolar ridge, rug area, buccal shelves
- post dam along vibrating line, in front of the palatine fovea
- incisive papilla and palatine torus must be relieved
- labial and buccal farina much not be encroached upon
39
Mandibular anatomy considerations in pros
- 1 degree support buccal shelf
- 2 degree support buccal and lingual slopes of alveolar ridge
- lingual pouch used for retention
- floor of mouth is mylohyoid muscle
- lingual, buccal and labial fraena must be accounted for
40
fissure sealants: gold standard for moisture control
dental dam
41
needle size for infiltration
short 25mm
42
needle size for inferior alveolar nerve block
long 35mm
43
Inferior alveolar nerve block injection site
- 6-10mm above lower occlusal plane
- needle entry at junction of buccal fat pad and pterygomandibular raphe
- syringe lies over contralateral 5
- advanced to bone contact
- if no bony contact reposition syringe distally
44
What LA would you give to pt with high blood pressure or heart problems?
- 3% prilocaine with felypressin
- contains synthetic vasoconstrictor so effects of la will last
45
LA for pt with latex allergies
- Prilocaine/Citanest 3% with felypressin
46
Active component for retracting a canine
Palatal finger springs and guards; 0.5mm HSSW
47
URA Baseplate adjustment for a pt with overbite
Flat anterior bite plane; Overjet + 3mm
48
URA active component for correcting a crossbite
Z spring; 0.5mm HSSW
49
Stainless steel constituents
- 72% iron
- 18% chromium
- 8% nickel
- 1.7% titanium
- 0.3% carbon
