Oscillations

Question 1

Resonance

Answer 1

where the amplitude of oscillations of a system drastically increases due to gaining and increased amount of energy from the driving force

Question 2

Resonance applications:

Answer 2

• Instruments –> An instrument such as a flute has a long tube in which air resonates causing a stationary sound wave to be formed
• Radio –> These are tuned so that their electric circuit resonates at the same frequency as the desired broadcast frequency
• Swing –> If someone pushes you on a swing they are providing a driving frequency, which can cause resonance if its equal to the resonant frequency and cause you to swing higher.

Question 3

Resonance occurs when…

Answer 3

the driving frequency is equal to the natural frequency of the system

Question 4

damping

Answer 4

is where a force acts to an oscillating system and energy is lost from the system to its environment leading to reduced amplitued of oscillations

Question 5

3 main types of damping:

Answer 5

• Light damping –> amplitude gradually decreases by a small amount each oscillation
• Critical damping –> This reduces the amplitude to zero in the shortest possible time
• Havy damping –> amplitude reduces slower than the critical damping, withou any additional oscillations

Question 6

A ductile material…

Answer 6

is one which can undergo a large amount of plastic deformation before fracturing. The plastic deformation of a ductile material can be used to reduce the amplitude of oscillations.