what are the 2 sub-categories of osteomyelitis?
- hamatogenous
- non-haematogenous
what is the cause of haematogenous osteomyelitis?
bacteraemia
usually monomicrobial
what type of osteomyelitis are children most likely to suffer from?
haematogenous osteomyelitis
what is the most common type of haematogenous osteomyelitis that adults suffer from?
vertebral osteomyelitis
what are the risk factors for haematogenous osteomyelitis?
- sickle cell anaemia
- IVDU
- immunosuppression - from mediacation or HIV
- infective endocarditis
what is the cause of non-haematogenous oesteomyelitis?
- results from contiguous spread of infection from adjacent soft tissues to the bone
OR - from direct injury/trauma to bone
usually polymicrobial
what is the most common type of oesteomyelitis that adults suffer from?
non-haematogenous oesteomyelitis
what are the risk factors for non-haematogenous oesteomyelitis?
- diabetic foot ulcers/pressure sores
- diabetes mellitus
- peripheral arterial disease
what is the most common causative microbe in osteomyelitis?
staph. aureus
what is the most common microbe in osteomyelitis in patients with sickle cells anaemia?
salmonella
what investigation is done in osteomyelitis?
MRI
how is osteomyelitis managed?
- flucloxacillin for 6 weeks
- clindamycin if penicillin-allergic
