Oxygen

Question 1

What are the two ways in which Oxygen travels in blood?

Answer 1

1) Dissolved in blood plasma (minority) 2) Bound to haemoglobin (majority)

Question 2

One molecule of Hb can bind to _ molecules of Oxygen?

Answer 2

4. In a 100ml of blood- 15ml is Hb which can bind to 20.4ml of O2

Question 3

What is Sa02?

Answer 3

O2 saturation- % of oxygen that is bound to haemolgobin.

Question 4

Sa02 and Sp02 measure the same thing, but Sa02 uses _ while Sp02 uses _ to measure it

Answer 4

ABG, Pulse oximeter

Question 5

What is Pa02?

Answer 5

Amount of O2 dissolved in arterial blood plasma (mmHg or kPa)

Question 6

Pa02 is directly proportional to pO2. T/F?

Answer 6

True

Question 7

Sa02 is directly proportional to p02. T/F?

Answer 7

False. Sigmoid relationship. O2 dissociation curve

Question 8

What is Fi02?

Answer 8

Fraction of inspired O2- refers to the fraction of total inspired 02 that is being delivered by an O2 device

Question 9

Patients who retain more C02 have V/Q _

Answer 9

Mismatch

Question 10

Poor ventilation (low O2) in pulmonary circulation causes vaso_

Answer 10

Constriction

Question 11

How might the Haldane effect cause patients to retain C02

Answer 11

These patients have more CO2 bound to Hb

Question 12

What are the 3 main causes for respiratory failure in patients who are put on high Fi02?

Answer 12

1. V/Q mismatch 2. Increased Haldane effect 3. Reduced Hypoxic drive

Question 13

Chronically poor ventilated patients are sensitive to high amounts of oxygen

Answer 13

True

Question 14

What are the types of Hypoxia? (4)

Answer 14

1. Circulatory 2. Anaemic 3. Toxic 4. Hypoxaemic hypoxia- Low inspired O2 conc

Question 15

What are some causes of Alveolar Hypoventilation?

Answer 15

1. Airway obstruction 2. Epiglottis 3. Laryngospasm 4. Inhaled foreign body

Question 16

Some causes of Imparied diffusion?

Answer 16

1. Fibrosis 2. Sarcoidosis 3. Interstitial thickening 4. Emphysema

Question 17

Perfusion without ventilation is known as _

Answer 17

Shunting

Question 18

Ventilation without perfusion is known as _

Answer 18

Dead space. Good V but bad Q - Pulmonary embolism - Pulmonary vasculitis - Pulmonary hypertension

Question 19

Advantages and disadvantages of nasal canulla?

Answer 19

1. Adv - Wel tolertaed - Low flow 2. Disadv - Uncontrolled Fi02 - Dependent on patients breathing

Question 20

Adv/Disadv for Variable performance mask?

Answer 20

1. Adv - Cheap simple 2. Disadv - Uncontrolled Fio2 - cannot cope with high flow requirements

Question 21

Venturi mask delivers fixed Fi02 at a rate of 250l/min

Answer 21

True

Question 22

Non rebreathing mask can deliver upto _ % of Fio2

Answer 22

85