P2 main points

Question 1

total fertility rate required for population replcement?

Answer 1

2.1

Question 1

changes in life expectancy reflect?

Answer 1

changes in the overall health of a countries population
(income level, living conditions, healthcare)

Question 2

factors affecting fertility 7

Answer 2

1. status of women (Edu and work)
2. level of edu and material ambition
3. location of residence (rural/urban)
4. religion (pro-natalist)
5. health of the mother
6. economic prosperity
7. need for children (high infant mortality)

Question 3

what does the demographic transition model show

Answer 3

change in birth and death rate oer time = how it affects pop size, rate of growth

Question 4

reasons for birth rate decline 4

Answer 4

• children are expensive
• more women want own career
• more widespread family planning
• decr infant mortality rate = decr need for replacement

Question 5

reasons for declining death rates

Answer 5

• clean water
• reliable food supply
• better hygiene and sanitation
• lower population densities
• better healthcare
• incr SOL

Question 6

what does a population pyramid show

Answer 6

shows how a population is distributed according to age and sex

Question 7

how to calculate dependency ratios

Answer 7

relates working pop to dependent pop

<15+>64 / 16to64 x100

Question 8

define circular migration

Answer 8

worker moving repeatedly between home and host areas