1
Q
What do you know about the climate of four distinct seasons in Japan?
A
1.) WINTER: Dec - Feb. H in the West, L in the East with freezing winds. Main JS located top of tropopause near stratosphere.
2.) SPRING: Mar - May. Strong SW winds, bumpy conditions. Synoptic cyclones. Cherry blossoms late March, early April.
“Bai-U” or “Tsu-you” 1st Rainy season: Early May through late July excluding Hokkaido.
3.) SUMMER: Jun - Aug. H Press areas moving in from the Pacific. T/S & sea fog (small water droplets, visible less than 1000m. Warm moist air moving over cold ground.
Typhoon (Tropical cyclone in the Westen Pacific) Above 34kt. Aug - Oct: 2nd Rainy season.
4.) FALL: Sep - Nov. Continental & oceanic H balance over Japan, clear skies, comfortable temperatures.
2
Q
What do you know about “Bai-U”, also called “Tsu-U” in Japan?
A
“Bai-U” or “Tsu-you” 1st Rainy season: Early May through late July excluding Hokkaido.
The Bai-u front is for add in the southern part of Japan around the beginning of May, and it gradually shifts northward and disappears by the end of July.
3
Q
Typhoon category in Japan based on the maximum wind at center?
A
- Tropical Depression (TD): Below 34kt
- Tropical Storm (TS): At or above 34kt, below 48kt
- Severe Tropical Storm (STS): At or above 48kt, below 64kt
- Typhoon (T): At or above 64kt
4
Q
Tell me what you know of Typhoon?
A
- August to October, major typhoon season in Japan.
- Typhoons are powerful tropical storms produced in low pressure areas of southern oceans near the equator.
- High winds, above 34kt in Japan and torrential rainfall.
- Originate out over the ocean. Typhoons reaching Japan curve first northwest then northeast in front of prevailing winds before dissipating their energy over colder sea or land.
5
Q
Tropical cyclone & extratropical cyclone. When a typhoon weakens, will it change to a tropical cyclone (tropical depression TD) or an extratropical cyclone (low pressure system in the middle latitudes?
A
Both possible.
- If the structure of a typhoon changes, it will change to an extratropical cyclone.
- If only the intensity weakens with structural change then it will change to a tropical cyclone.
- Extratropical cyclones have frontal features, i.e. they are associated with cold fronts, warm fronts, and occluded fronts. Tropical cyclones have no fronts.
6
Q
When a typhoon is moving in the NE direction, which is the dangerous semicircle?
A
- In the northern hemisphere the air flows towards the centre of a typhoon in a counterclockwise direction.
- The dangerous semicircle is the right hand side of the typhoon due to the stronger winds.
- *Additional INFO: High winds and waves are normally most prominent on the right hand side of the moving typhoon, known as the “dangerous semi-circle” where the speed of forward movement of the typhoon itself is added on top of the wind circulating around the typhoon. On the other hand the winds on the left (known as the Navigable semicircle) will be somewhat reduced by the forward movement of the typhoon.
7
Q
What do you know about “Hutatsu-dahma low?
A
- When two low pressure systems exist at the same time, one in the north and another in the south of Japan.
- Occasionally observed early & late winter.
- These lows move east at a higher speed causing widespread gusty wind, heavy rain and snow.
8
Q
Typical winter pressure pattern in Japan?
A
Characterised by low pressure in the E and high pressure in the W which makes NW wind dominant.
9
Q
How do you check the RWY condition when it’s snowing?
A
Refer to SNOWTAM.
10
Q
Typical Clear Air Turbulence (CAT) associated with jet stream.
A
In the northern hemisphere CAT is possible in the shaded area (frontal zone) or cold side. CAT is possible at higher altitude to the north and lower to the south.
11
Q
Why did you select FL400 for cruise? What is your policy?
A
- Basic policy OM. 2-1)
- Select the best CRZ FL for safety, efficiency, on-time operation and passenger comfort.
12
Q
SUMMARY PLAN in the FLT PLAN. Why is FL430 the next level above FL400?
A
ICAO RVSM Standard cruise levels (West Bound)
- 2000ft sep 2000ft - FL400
- 3000ft FL400 - FL430
- 4000ft FL430 - unlimited.
13
Q
Maximum operating pressure ALT B787?
A
- B787-8 & 9: 43100ft
- B787-10: 41000ft
14
Q
What determines maximum altitude?
A
It is based on MAX Climb Thrust (MCLT) with 300ft/min residual rate of climb and MAX Cruise Thrust (MCRT) with 0ft/min residual rate of climb.
15
Q
T/O ALTN Airport requirements?
A
- WX must be at or above alternate minima at the ETA. (OM. 3-4-2)
- The airport must be selected within one hour flight distance, one engine normal CRZ SPD, wind calm (OM. 3-4-2) B787-9 1000-K: 431NM
16
Q
What are the airports that can be selected as a T/O ALTN airport for NRT?
A
- Available airports within 431nm from RJAA
- RJTT: Haneda, RJSS: Sendai, RJGG: Chubu, RJOO: Osaka, RJBB: Kansai, RJCC: Chitose
17
Q
NAV/GBAS is entered in ATC filed FLT Plan. What is available with GBAS?
A
- GLS Approach
- Precision approach method in which horizontal and vertical guidance is provided by a GBAS facility on the ground and is categorised as a CAT-I operation.
- GBAS (Ground Based Augmentation System) Landing System.
- GBAS consists of the following 3 ground systems installed in or near the airports: 1.) Reference receiver, 2.) GBAS control station, 3.) VDB (VHF Data Broadcast) transmitter.
- B787 is equipped with the equipment to perform GLS app as standard feature.
18
Q
PBN/T1 is entered in ATC filed FLT plan. T1 means RNP AR Approach with RF. Can you fly this type of approach?
A
RNP AR Approach is not approved for Air Japan. (AOM Bulletin 2023-06)
19
Q
How many GPS Satellites do you need for RNAV?
A
23 satellites (OM S-4-5, 2)
20
Q
Center of Gravity (CG) envelope in the Weight & Balance (W&B) Manifest graph. Is this the certified CG envelope as described in the AOM Limitations Chapter?
A
No, it is called the CG Working Limit.
21
Q
Why is there three MTOW’s in the W&B CG envelope?
A
Flex MTOW A, B & C (AOM WB 50.3) (AOR WB.2)
22
Q
Threats at Naha airport (ROAH)?
A
-This airport is situated 10nm SW of USAF Kadena Air Base (RODN). To maintain separation, Naha arrivals must commence approach from a lower altitude (1200’), also MAA is restricted to 1200’
- Naha Departures to the north are occasionally restricted to maintain 1200’after T/O as well.
23
Q
Difference between Displaced Threshold and Stopway Marking?
A
- Displaced: Arrow indicated both sides have the same strength.
- Stopway: Chevron indicates the strength of the Stopway is weaker than the RWY.
24
Q
Where are the onboard legal documents stored? Can you visually check all of the documents?
A
- It is stored in the Certification Holder behind the Captains seat.
- No. The certification holder is sealed and locked. When the seal is broken the captain shall check each document separately.
25
Exterior inspection: When you view the airplane far from the front, what will your general inspection be?
- Airplane is level, no damage to the aircraft as far as the eye can see, beacon light is off, signs of a bird strike etc.
26
Exterior inspection: If you find the gear pin still installed, what will you do?
- Call maintenance to remove it.
27
Exterior inspection: Oxygen pressure relief disc. Is it acceptable if the colour is not green?
The original colour green may fade but the disc functions normally. If the disc is blown out, it means crew oxygen is discharged and the cylinder needs to be inspected.
28
Exterior inspection: When a cargo loader is parked near the forward cargo door (right side of the aircraft), what becomes difficult to inspect?
Static ports.
29
Exterior inspection: What is the purpose of the vertical red line on the engine?
The red line indicates hazard area when the engine is running. Stay aft of the line when approaching from the back.
30
Exterior inspection: What will you inspect around the main gear area?
- Tires, brakes and wheels.
- Gear strut, actuators and doors.
- Hydraulic lines and electrical wiring.
- Gear pins removed.
31
Airworthiness category of B787?
Airplane, Transport Category
32
Load factor (g) limit for Transport Category airplanes?
-1g to +2.5g
33
Bank angle resulting in load factor +2.5g?
- Bank angle 60* (level flight): 2.0g
- Bank angle 65* (level flight): 2.5*
34
B787 Pilot eye height. What do you need to be careful about while taxiing?
- Eye height, 5.4m, angle 21*
- Use caution for the areas you cannot see. When you are in the parking area, rely on ground personnel communication to maintain a safe operation.
35
What will you make sure of before setting the parking brake?
Make sure the airplane is completely stopped by looking left and right.
36
What is the condition when [ ] FUEL QTY LOW message appears?
- Caution
- Beeper
- The fuel quantity is less than 3800lbs in either main tank.
37
[ ] FUEL QTY LOW message appears during cruise over TONAR. What will you do?
- Plan to land at the nearest suitable airport.
- Look at JEPP, RJFK (Kagoshima)
38
Threats related to Kagoshima airport? (RJFK)
- Volcanic hazards caused by Sakura-jima volcano which is located just 10nm south of the airport.
39
ATC phraseology to report minimum and mayday fuel?
- “Minimum fuel”
- “Mayday, mayday, mayday FUEL” (AIM-j. 791)
40
Difference between “Minimum Fuel” & “Mayday, mayday, mayday fuel”
- Minimum fuel: Committed to a specific aerodrome, pilot calculates that any changes to existing clearance will result in landing with less than planned reserve fuel.
- Mayday fuel: Calculated usable fuel predicted to be available upon landing at the nearest aerodrome where a safe landing can be made is less than 30 min planned reserve fuel.
41
Can you expect ATC priority when you declare MAYDAY or PAN? ( AIM-j 733)
- Mayday: Distress
- Pan: Urgency
A priority handling is equally provided in Japan.
42
Jan 02, JAL516 incident, RWY34R RJTT. What are the phraseology’s to clear an aircraft to enter a RWY? What are the things pilots must do before entering a RWY?
- “Cleared for T/O”
- “Cross RWY”
- “Lineup and wait”
- “Taxi via RWY / backtrack RWY”
- Pilots must always read back the above instructions.
- When in doubt, always verify instruction.
- Verify the approach and RWY are clear.
43
Airport facilities to prevent RWY incursions.
- Stopbar lights, stopbar system, RWY Status lights system.
44
Is the stop bar light system an automatic system?
- It is manually controlled by ATC.
- When the stopbar lights are turned on the taxiway lead in lights will turn off and vice versa.
45
Path angle of PAPI on path indication for non ILS and ILS runways?
- Non-ILS: 3* +/- 0.17
- ILS: 3 degrees +/- 0.25
On- path indication is wider to enable harmonisation of PAPI with ILS
46
PAPI location requirement?
PAPI is positioned so that minimum eye height over threshold (MEHT) is maintained for the largest type of aircraft using that specific runway. Hence when a smaller aircraft follows PAPI, it may touchdown beyond the nominal touchdown point.
47
Do you know RJTT/HND RWY 16L/R have two different PAPI’s?
- When RNP RWY16L/R is used 3.25 PAPI is turned on & 3.00 for ILS.
48
If an airplane has to be evacuated, all passengers must be capable of getting out within what amount of time?
- 90seconds using half the exits.
49
Shutdown procedure. When can you shutdown engines after landing?
90seconds after flaps up green.
50
Equipment to carry for evacuation? (Captain & Copilot)
- Captain: FMC, Flashlight, Megaphone, Crash axe
- Copilot: SF, Signal kit, Flashlight
51
Where do you go after the Evacuation checklist is completed? (Captain & Copilot)
- Captain: Center of the passenger cabin, if possible, direct the whole evacuation of the pax cabin.
- Copilot: Forward area of passenger cabin, assist passengers to evacuate.
52
How many ELT’s are installed?
- Total 3
- Two ELT’s in the cabin (FWD & AFT)
- One fuselage mounted. Transmits when shock or severe decoration is sensed.
53
B787 Belongs to what Wake Turbulence Category and Group?
- Category: Heavy (H)
- Group: B
54
Wake turbulence separation in NRT? (ANA JAPAN ENG, ATC, AIRCRAFT WAKE TURBULENCE)
- Wake turbulence GROUP separation is applied at NRT.
- 4nm Behind Group A aircraft (A380)
- 3nm Behind Group B aircraft (B787/B777)
- In Japan, wake turbulence GROUP separation is applied only at NRT & HND.
55
Is the same wake turbulence separation applied at NRT & OKA (ROAH)?
No, at OKA, wake turbulence category separation is applied.
56
1.) Optimum V1
2.) Improved Climb
3.) Alternate forward CG
1.) Optimum V1: Our OPT calculates a variable V1 (making it an unbalanced V1) and shortened VR based on its database in order to optimise performance, thus being able to increase weight.
2.) Improved climb is a means that climb capability can be increased by making takeoff speeds, especially VR & V2, higher by using a surplus of usable runway length.
3.) Alternate forward CG is a technique for improving takeoff performance by moving the forward limit of CG to the aft.
57
If the checklist title is in all capital letters, what does it mean?
If the checklist title is in capital and small letters what does it mean?
- All capitals: EICAS alert messages.
- Capital and Small: Unannunciated checklist items.
58
How many checklists include memory items?
11:
1.) Aborted Engine Start L, R
2.) [ ] AIRSPEED UNRELIABLE
3.) [ ] CABIN ALTITUDE
4.) Dual ENG Fail / Stall
5.) ENG Svr Damage / Sep L, R
6.) [ ] ENG SURGE L, R
7.) [ ] ENG LIMIT EXCEED L, R
8.) [ ] ENG AUTOSTART L, R
9.) [ ] FD DOOR AUTO UNLOCK
10.) [ ] FIRE ENG L, R
11.) [ ] STABILIZER
59
How many unannunciated checklists are provided?
27
60
When do you consider an emergency landing? (QRH. CI 2.3)
- CI = Checklist Instructions
- Emergency landing at the nearest suitable airport should be considered by the PIC when: 1.) The non-normal x-list says so, 2.) Smoke/fumes in the cabin uncontainable, 3.) There exists only 2 power source remaining, 4.) Altimeter malfunction occurs and the correct altitude cannot be confirmed, 5.) Adverse effects where safety is compromised.
61
What are the hazards involving volcanic ash in flight? (AOM SP 16.27)
- Extremely dangerous
- Engine flameout within a minute after encounter
- Windshield damage
- Odour
- Electronic equipment etc
- Blockage of exterior sensors
62
Explain the outline of Volcanic Ash Checklist?
- Exit the volcanic ash as quickly as possible (180* turn)
- Use the oxygen mask if necessary
- Do not do dual engine fail or engine fail checklist until directed by this checklist.
- Start the APU
63
Pros and cons of HUD?
Cons:
- Easily to get fixated on the HUD and not look what’s actually outside.
- Enlarged scale leads to overcorrection.
- Brightness.
Pros:
- Lots of important information condensed into the HUD
- Improves accuracy of flying
- Symbology to help you control the aircraft.
64
Explain the two symbology modes? When will you use the decluttered mode?
- Full symbology mode.
- Declutterred symbology mode.
- When you are PF for approach and landing.
65
When using the HUD decluttered mode while flying a CAT I ILS in marginal WX, what do you need to be careful about?
- The RWY Symbol might make the pilots think the actual runway is in sight.
66
What symbol is removed from HUD prior to touchdown?
In the decluttered mode at 60’ the RWY symbol is removed.
67
Time critical warnings?
- ENG FAIL
- PULL UP
- SPEEDBRAKE
- WINDSHEAR
All time critical warnings are shown on both the PFD and HUD. Stick shaker is also considered as a time critical warning.
68
Explain TCAS HUD vertical guidance indications and how to fly the airplane using the HUD?
- Up / down preventative is the area to avoid.
- Corrective double lined box is the fly to box.
69
Exterior inspection. If the fuselage skin is damaged around the static ports, what will you do?
Our Operations Manual states that the commander shall inspect the skin near each static source. If I deem the skin to be damaged or have any doubt I will contact maintenance personnel.
70
RVSM: Allowable difference between the displayed value of primary altimeter and the published elevation value?
75ft
71
RVSM: Allowable difference between the two primary altimeters.
- On the ground: Allowable limit not required as per the table in our Operations Manual.
- Other procedure to note: level off within 150’ of assigned altitude. Difference between the two primary altimeters shall not be greater than 200’
72
Explain scan pattern on approach.
Scan pattern and instrument monitor on approach using DA & MDA.
- PF: Includes outside scan pattern after “.. in sight” or “ approaching minimum”
- PM: Makes the appropriate callas and continues to monitor flight and navigation instruments and calls our any deviations.
The difference between DA & MDA is the PF can look outside after “approaching minimum”
73
When PM calls “80 knots” during T/O roll, what does the PF verify?
- Airspeed indicator is in agreement and it is an incapacitation check.
74
Obligation of pilot in command (PIC)?
- Command and supervise.
- Preflight confirmation
- Measures when endangered
- Obligation to report
75
Altitude deviation that needs to be reported while flying in RVSM airspace?
Deviation at or greater than 300ft from ATC assigned level.
76
Is a PIC obligated to report death of a person onboard caused by disease?
No
77
Is a PIC obliged to report a go around due to WINDSHEAR?
No
78
Explain the unruly behaviours defined in Civil Aeronautics Law? (OM.S-6-3)
Category I (worst): Punishable offence against current laws. Hijacking, damage to aircraft, violence against crew.
Category II: If he/she does not obey they will be punished. Smoking in the lavatory, interfering with crew duties, not obeying crew commands etc.
Category III (best): Not to be punished, including behaviours to disturb good order on board.
79
Unruly behaviour. Somebody is smoking in the cabin, what is your response?
Smoking in the cabin belongs to unruly behaviour category III. If the person repeats such act, consider issuing a warning letter.
AJX Initial Training
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