What is Ischaemic Heart Disease also known as?
CAD (Coronary Artery Disease)
It is a condition characterized by reduced blood flow to the heart due to narrowing or blockage of the coronary arteries.
What is the primary cause of Ischaemic Heart Disease?
Atherosclerosis
Atherosclerosis leads to the narrowing or blockage of coronary arteries.
What is the epidemiology of Ischaemic Heart Disease?
- Most common type of heart disease
- Leading cause of death worldwide
- Most common cause of premature death
- In the UK, 1 in 8 men and 1 in 14 women die from CAD
- 190 people per day die in the UK
These statistics highlight the significant impact of CAD on public health.
What is the pathogenesis of Ischaemic Heart Disease?
Progressive development of Atherosclerotic plaques in the Coronary Arteries
This process leads to narrowing or blockage of the arteries.
What are the pathophysiological events that occur due to inadequate blood supply in Ischaemic Heart Disease?
- Reduced oxygen supply to the heart muscle
- Increased heart rate (Tachycardia)
- Coronary artery dilation
- Angina may occur as a warning sign of Myocardial Infarction
- Myocardial infarction can cause permanent damage
These events illustrate the body’s compensatory mechanisms and potential consequences of Ischaemic Heart Disease.
What are the pathological changes that can occur due to narrowing or blockage of the coronary arteries?
- Myocardial Ischaemia
- Ischaemic Cardiomyopathy
- Myocardial Infarction
These conditions can arise from prolonged and severe ischaemia.
What are the symptoms of Ischaemic Heart Disease?
- Angina (squeezing, pressure, or tightness in chest)
- Dyspnoea
- Fatigue and weakness
- Palpitations
- Dizziness or light headedness
- Sweating
- Nausea or Vomiting
Symptoms can vary according to severity.
