PAPER 2 - Memory Models

Question 1

Define SELECTIVE ATTENTION

Answer 1

• relevant info filtered into STM + irrelevant info is lost/forgotten

Question 2

2 Strategies for retaining more info

Answer 2

Rehearsal
Chunking

Question 3

What are the three elements of the multi-store model ?

Answer 3

Short term Sensory store - short term memory - long term Memory

Question 4

Where does selective attention occur ?

Answer 4

sensory store

Question 5

When is selective attention useful ?

Answer 5

• when quick reactions depend on being able to concentrate on relevant info and filter out irrelevant info

Question 6

Duration of STSS

Answer 6

1s

Question 7

Capacity STSS

Answer 7

Unlimited

Question 8

How do you move from STSS to STM?

Answer 8

Selective Attention

Question 9

What is the STM capacity ?

Answer 9

7+/-2 items

Question 10

What is the STM duration ?

Answer 10

• up to 30s

Question 11

How can STM duration be increased ?

Answer 11

rehearsal via imagery or verbal repetition

Question 12

Which process happens in the STM?

Answer 12

Chunking

Question 13

How do we move from STM to LTM?

Answer 13

Mental Rehearsal

Question 14

What is the LTM capacity ?

Answer 14

• unlimited

Question 15

What is the LTM duration ?

Answer 15

• Indefinite

Question 16

How could you move from LTM back to STM

Answer 16

Retrieval

Question 17

Where are motor programmes stored and how can we increase its duration

Answer 17

LTM - through rehearsal

Question 18

2 +ves of memory model

Answer 18

Simple to understand
Explains how we deal w/large amounts of info

Question 19

2 -ves of memory model

Answer 19

Doesn’t prove distinction between STM + LTM
Doesn’t account for individual differences in capacity / duration

Question 20

Define Depth of processing

Answer 20

How much info is considered

Question 21

Advantages of LOP model

Answer 21

• If we understand info we are more likely to remember it
• If we remember info more if we consider it for longer

Question 22

Disadvantages of LOP Model

Answer 22

• Doesn’t account for individual differences
• Difficult to know what deep processing involves

Question 23

3 factors determining how well info will be remembered and moved into LTM

Answer 23

Info must:
- be considered
- be understood
- have meaning

Question 24

Describe the structural level

Shallow or Deep?

Answer 24

• Paying attention to what words look like

Shallow LOP

Question 25

Describe the Phonetic Level

Answer 25

- processing sounds + words

Question 26

Describe the Semantic Level | Shallow or Deep?

Answer 26

- Considers the actual meaning of words | Deepest LOP

Question 27

3 ways of improving memory

Answer 27

- Mental Imagery + Rehearsal - Avoiding overload