What type of operation does 135 apply to?
- Seating configuration of 9 or less excluding required crew
- MCTOW of 5700kg or less
What key operation does 135 not apply to?
Single engine IFR on an air operation carrying passengers
What type of airworthiness certificate can be held for an aircraft operating a 135 flight?
- Current standard category
- Current restricted category - provided the AFM permits such an operation
What flight planning must be done before a 135 operation?
- Flight plan prepared in accordance with part 91 (50nm from shore or alerting service)
- PiC prepares it or is made aware of contents
- SARTIME is appropriate for next AD of landing or for when comms can next be made
- Must file to ATS, unless done under 119 company flight following
What fuel is required to be calculated for a 135 flight?
- Taxi
- Trip
- Reserve (Contingency, Alternate, Final reserve, Additional if required)
When can minimum VFR heights and horizontal distances from people be breached?
For a CTO and it is required for the operation
PIC prepares a plan in conjunction with everyone, and briefs everyone on that plan
PIT takes reasonable care to conduct operation without hazard
How must flights over water be conducted?
Not operate 10nm + glide distance from land unless;
- Life preserver worn by every pax
- life rafts of sufficient rated capacity to carry every occupant
*Multi engine only have to have life jacket accessable
What are the VFR met minima under 135?
- Day: 1000ft ceiling & 5km vis
- Night: 3000ft ceiling & 16km vis
What is required for a VFR flight above more than scattered cloud?
- Aircraft authorised for IFR, and has minimum IFR crew who are current
- Instruments & Equipment required for IFR are operative
- Carries radio nav equipment to allow it to be navigated by IFR to an alternate and carry out an instrument approach
- Carries sufficient fuel and reserves to proceed
What take off and landing performance requirements must be met?
- MCTOW/MLW is not exceeded
- TODR is not ore than 85% of TODA
- LDR is not more than LDA
If RWY is wet: LDA is 115% of LDR including the 85%, or LDR is calculated using contaminated landing distance data
How must W&B calculations be done?
Using the total weight of Pax, crew and goods/bags
Crew:
-standard weight to actual weight
Pax:
-Standard weight or acxtial weight or declared weight + 4kg
Bags:
-Actual weight or for CTO AO cert holder establish procedure to assess weight
What qualifications/ requirements must be met for a person to be assigned as a flight crew member?
- Current CPL
- Appropriate type rating
- Current Class 1 Medical
- Meet all training and competency requirements
- Meet all route and AD requirements
What types of training may be required for a pilot in a 135 operation?
Initial
Transition
Recurrent
What manouvres are not premitted while carrying passengers?
-Abnormal, unusual or emergency situation
=PFLWOP
=Asymetric
=anything that activates a visual or aural warning system that can be overheard by passengers
=Simulated system failure that can compromise safety
What are the comptency requirements of a 135 flight crew?
PIC:
-12 monthly Route and AD check
All Crew:
- 12 monthly emergency procedures (6mths for IFR)
- 12 monthly written/oral
What things could be in the written/oral crew competency exam?
CAA rules SOPs / Exposition Systems PoF NAV, ATC Met Equipment, techniques, procedures Special flight operations Emergency equipment
What documents must be carried on each individual flight?
- 5 legal documents
- NOTAMs
- Appropriate Met information
- Notification of Dangerous goods
- Copies of relevant aeronautiocal charts
