は (私は先生です)
topic marker, similar to “as for”, (As for me, I am a teacher)
が (昔々、おじいさんが住んでいました。)
subject marker, everything that follows is related, also in contradictions like but. (Once upon a time, there lived an old man.)
を (太郎はすしを食べました。)
direct object marker (Taro ate sushi)
の (僕のヒイロ)
to mark possession (my hero)
も (私も)
‘too’ or ‘also’ (me too)
から (六時から)
starting from, since, (starting from 6)
まで (このクラスは1時から3時までです)
Until (This klas is from 1 o clock until 3 o clock)
と
list of nouns, can be a quotation marker
や
list of nouns, but list only the one listed
で
place of action
に (on the road)
destination
に (somewhere)
place of existance
か
or