Desu and Masu are both terms which make a sentence sound more….
Formal
They both perform the same function but can’t be used interchangeably.
The rule to remember is
Desu, is used after nouns or adjectives and
Masu, is only used after verbs
In Japanese particles are…
One small syllable words that follow nouns, verbs and adjectives to indicate their grammatical function within a sentence.
These particles don’t have independent meaning.
They provide crucial information about the relationship between words in a sentence like subject, object, location and time.
Wa
Topic marking particle, indicating the subject or topic of sentence
Ga
Subject marking particle. Used when the subject is newly introduced or emphasized
Wo
Direct object marker. Indicating the object of the verb
Ni
Location, time, and destination marker
De
Location, means, and manner marker
He
Directional marker, emphasizing movement towards a destination
To
Conjunction “and” or quotation marker
Mo
Inclusive particle, meaning “also,” “too,” or “even”
No
Possessive or attributive marker
Ya
Connecting particle used with list of items
Kara
“From,” “since,” or “because”
Made
Until / to
Ne
Sentence-ending particle. Used for confirmation or agreement
Yo
Sentence-ending particle. Used for emphasis or giving information
