는 and 은 are used to what
show the Subject of a sentence
는 is used when…
the last letter of a subject is a vowel
은 is used when…
the last letter of a subject is a consonant
를 and 을 are used to what
show the Object of a sentence
를 is used when…
the last letter of an object is a vowel
을 is used when…
the last letter of an object is a consonant
에 is used to indicate what
the time / place
in place of at / to
이다 is used in place of what
is am are was were
and is attached directly to the noun
(to be)
이
this
something within touching distance
그
that
something that happened earlier
저
that
something you can currently see but is too far away to touch
것
thing