what are pathogens
microorganisms that cause disease
how do bacteria cells reproduce
binary fission
how do virus cells reproduce
hijack host cells to replicate
how do fungi cells reproduce
spore formation and budding
what are 4 preventative methods to disease to maintain biosecurity
- vaccination schedules
- hygiene practices
- quarantine measures
- environmental management
what are 4 of the main signs and symptoms of illness
- lethargy
- abnormal behaviour
- digestive issues
- respiratory issues
what are 5 ways diseases are transmitted
direct contact
indirect contact
airborne
vector-borne
ingestion
what are 5 biosecurity measures against zoonotic disease in handlers
- PPE
-isolation facilities - disinfection
- dedicated equip
- waste segregation
what is a zoonotic disease
one what can be transmitted from animal to human
what is an anthropontic disease
those transmitted from human to animal
what is a notifiable disease
those that must be reported to authorities by law. methods such as quarantine, culling or movement restrictions may be enforced
what does APHA do
controls disease and pests in animals and plants and performs surveillance and research of new risks
what does DEFRA do
oversees animal health policies, biosecurity and disease control within the uk
what are the 5 steps of managing a notifiable disease
- suspected case identified
2 report to APHA - testing and confirmation
- control measures
- monitoring
what 5 biological systems are mainly affected from disease
- respiratory
- digestive
- nervous
- immune
- reproductive
what are 2 examples of bacterial diseases
salmonella
e. coli
what are 2 examples of viral diseases
Foot and mouth disease
Influenza
what are 2 examples of fungal diseases
Ringworm
aspergillosis
what are 2 examples of prion diseases
Bovine
Scrapie
what are 2 examples of Protozoan diseases
Eimeria
Giardia
how are bacterial diseases transmitted
Ingestion
how are viral diseases transmitted
Direct contact
Airbourne
how are fungal diseases transmitted
Direct contact
Contaminated bedding
how are prion diseases transmitted
Ingestion of infected tissue
