Pathology 1 Flashcards by Brittni Ramp

The atheromatous calcification of the aorta that occurs w/normal serum Ca level?
A.	Enzymatic fat necrosis
B.	Metastatic calcification
C.	Lipodydtrophy
D.	Dystrophic calcification

D. Dystrophic calcification

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Increased secretion from anterior pituitary following closure of the epiphyseal plates could produce?
A.	Acromegaly
B.	Pagets Dz.
C.	Gigantism
D.	Cretinism

A. Acromegaly

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A deficiency in which of the following trace elements results in tetany similar to that which accompanies hypocalcemia?
A.	Copper
B.	Zinc
C.	Magnesium
D.	Iron

C. Magnesium

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Who is the most infectious member of the family?
A.	Older people
B.	Pregnant females
C.	Middle aged males
D.	School age children

D. School age children

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Cor Pulmonale may be a complication of which of the following?
A.	Patent ductus arteriosus
B.	Kidney failure
C.	Emphysema
D.	Essential hypertension

C. Emphysema

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Which of the following conditions is characterized by T cell deficiency due to lack of development of 3 &amp; 4 pharyngeal pouches, deficiency of heart great vessels, mouth, ears, &amp; fauces?
A.	T-helper (-)
B.	B-cell (-)
C.	Improper clotting
D.	Wischott Aldrich

A. T-helper (-)

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What type of deficiency is delayed hypersensitive?
A.	Type 1
B.	Type 2
C.	Type 3
D.	Type 4

D. Type 4

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Which of the following results from hyperparathyroidism?
A.	Osteopenia
B.	Increased weight loss
C.	Increased cortical sclerosing
D.	Increased metabolism

A. Osteopenia

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10.	What type of collagen is found 1st or earliest?
A.	Type 1
B.	Type 2
C.	Type 3
D.	Type 4

C. Type 3

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Who is most likely to have entrapment neuropathy of median nerve?
A.	Elderly males
B.	Athletic males
C.	Children 
D.	Pregnant female

D. Pregnant female d/t water retention

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Intercranial calcification occurs M/C in?
A.	Oligiodendroglioma
B.	Medulloblastoma
C.	Astrocytoma
D.	Ependymoma

A. Oligiodendroglioma

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Cardiac tamponade is defined as?
A.	Aortic stenosis
B.	Fluid in pericardial space
C.	Excess fluid in capillaries
D.	Increased fluid in veins

B. Fluid in pericardial space

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Which of the following is a primary immunodefiency?
A.	Hashimotos thyroidits
B.	Myasthenia gravis
C.	Burtons agammoglobulinemia
D.	Aids

C. Burtons agammoglobulinemia

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Almost all pathological changes of systemic lupus erythematosus involve which of the following?
A.	Famma
B.	Increased cytotoxins
C.	Increased IgG
D.	Increased immune cells

D. Increased immune cells

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Which of the following is an autosomal gluco-cerebral Dz. w /hepatosplenomegaly?
A.	Lymes Dz.
B.	Kleinfelters Dz.
C.	Marfans
D.	Gauchers

D. Gauchers

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Which of the following is the most common degenerative Dz. of the joints?
A.	Osteoarthritis
B.	Rheumatoid arthritis
C.	Gouty arthritis
D.	Migratory polyarthritis

A. Osteoarthritis

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Which of the following is responsible for post infectious glomerulonephritis?
A.	Group D staphylococcus
B.	Staphylococcus streptococcus
C.	Staph. Aureus
D.	Beta hemolytic strep

D. Beta hemolytic strep

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Metastatic osteoblastic tumor in a malignancy most likely originates from which of the following?
A.	Breast
B.	Lung
C.	Prostate
D.	Colon

C. Prostate 80% osteoblastic, 20% osteolytic

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Which of the following is classified as a benign neoplasm?
A.	Lipoma
B.	Sarcoma
C.	Carcinoma
D.	Lymphoma & melanoma

A. Lipoma

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Which of the following is a systemic immune complex reaction?
A.	Poison oak
B.	Incomplete blood transfusion
C.	Rheumatoid arthritis
D.	Food allergy

C. Rheumatoid arthritis

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Serum sickness is an example of?
A.	Immune complex
B.	Delayed immunity
C.	Antibody antigen mediated complex
D.	T-cell mediated complex

A. Immune complex

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A deficiency of vit. C most often affects?
A.	Nerves
B.	Muscles 
C.	Connective tissue
D.	Hemopoietic tissue

C. Connective tissue

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Wernecke-Korsakoff syndrome is caused by chronic alcoholisim is due to deficiency of which of the following?
A.	B-6
B.	B-3
C.	C
D.	B-1

D. B-1

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Which of the following is characterized by lesion that has caseous necrosis in the center &amp; surrounded by endothelial macrophages?
A.	Tuberculosis
B.	Fibrosis
C.	Anthracosis
D.	Silicosis

A. Tuberculosis

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Release of histamine into the skin following cutaneous trauma causes? A. Extracellular fluid filled capillaries B. Granulomatous Increase of mast cells C. Vasoconstriction causes blanching D. Vasodilatation of arterioles causing redness

D. Vasodilatation of arterioles causing redness

Which of the following occurs in a keloid? A. Response to wound healing B. Hypertrophic enlargement of scar tissue C. Early granulomatous Dz. D. Benign tumor

B. Hypertrophic enlargement of scar tissue

``` What is the M/C benign tumor of the spine? A. Hemangoma B. Osteoma C. Osteochondroma D. Enchondroma ```

A. Hemangoma

``` What causes hoarseness associated with carcinoma in the apex of the lung? A. Metastasis of the speech area B. Increased sputum C. Esophageal atresia D. Laryngeal nerve damage ```

D. Laryngeal nerve damage

``` Which of the following substances is produced in the cells & increases inflammation d/t tissue damage? A. Prostaglandin’s B. Histamine C. Leukotriene D. Thrombus ```

B. Histamine

``` What is the result in the cell as a consequence of thyroid goiter? A. Hyperplasia B. Dysplasia C. Metaplasia D. Anaplasia ```

A. Hyperplasia Increased # of cells

Which of the following types of thyrotoxicosis is M/C in patients under 40? A. Graves Dz. B. Struma ovarii C. Iodine induced hyperthyroiditis

A. Graves Dz.

``` Which of the following is characterized by recanalization? A. Thrombus B. Sinuses C. Aneurysm D. Fistulas ```

A. Thrombus restores flow

``` Circulatory level of which cell increases in an acute inflammatory response caused by bacterial infection? A. Eosinophil B. Lymphocytic C. Neutrophils D. Basophils ```

C. Neutrophils

Dz. W/ chronic rheumatoid arthritis & splenomegaly is characteristic of? A. Marie Strumpells Dz. AKA: ankylosing spondolytis B. Felly’s syndrome

B. Felly’s syndrome

``` Which of the following affects the substantia nigra of basal ganglia & results in resting tremors? A. Alzheimer’s B. Huntington’s Dz. C. Parkinson Dz. D. Myasthenia Gravis ```

C. Parkinson Dz.

``` Megaloblastic anemia is caused by which of the following vit. deficiencies? A. Vit. A B. Vit. B12 C. Vit. C D. Vit. D ```

B. Vit. B12 Pernicious anemia

``` Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis for an infant who develops projectile vomiting within the 1st 3 weeks of life? A. Pyloric stenosis B. Achalasia C. Merkels Diverticulitis D. Zenker’s diverticulitis ```

A. Pyloric stenosis

``` The neoplasam found in AIDS’s patients is? A. Karposi sarcoma B. Non-hodgkins lymphoma C. Wilms tumor D. Melanoma ```

A. Karposi sarcoma Best choice | B. Non-hodgkins lymphoma 2nd choice

``` Which of the following is a periosteal encasement of necrotic tissue? A. Sequestrum B. Involucrum C. Cloaca D. Limbus ```

B. Involucrum

``` Patients w /asbestosis are predisposed to? A. Embolism B. Tuberculosis C. Mesothelioma D. Aspergilliasis ```

C. Mesothelioma

``` A periosteal reaction described radiological as a sunburst Rx. Is M/C in A. Fibrosarcoma B. Osteoblastoma C. Osteosarcoma D. Giant cell ```

C. Osteosarcoma

``` Which of the following is a degenerative Dz. that affects the cranial nerve nuclei? A. Wilson’s Dz B. Progressive bulbar palsy C. Alzheimer’s D. Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis ```

B. Progressive bulbar palsy characterized by loss of eye movement.

``` The Philadelphia chromosome is a risk factor for which leukemia? A. Acute lymphocytic B. Acute myelocytic C. Chronic lymphocytic D. Chronic myelocytic ```

D. Chronic myelocytic

``` Dilation of the inner mammary & subscapular arteries hypertension & weakness of the upper limbs w/ decreased lower limb pulse occurs in which of the following? A. Twisting of the aorta B. Coarctation of the aorta C. Aortic insufficiency D. Patent ductus arteriosus ```

B. Coarctation of the aorta

``` The substrate of a fully differentiated cell type to another is known as? A. Anaplasia B. Dysplasia C. Metaplasia D. Hyperplasia ```

C. Metaplasia

``` Which cell is increased in viral infections? A. Lymphocytes B. Neutrophils C. Monocytes D. Eosinophils ```

A. Lymphocytes

``` Which of the following conditions is characterized by congenital absence or parasympathetic ganglia in the colon subsequent constipation & dilation of the colon? A. Horners syndrome B. Hirschsprungs Dz C. Merekel’s diverticulum D. Chagase’s Dz. ```

B. Hirschsprungs Dz

``` Which of the following is pseudohypertrophic M/C in? A. Myasthenia gravis B. Duchenne’s dystrophy C. Myotonic dystrophy D. Beckers dystrophy ```

B. Duchenne’s dystrophy Calf muscles M fatal by 20yo

``` Fatty liver, edema, & atrophy of the small bowel are characteristic in which of the following? A. Kwashiorkor B. Marasmus C. Riboflavin deficiency D. Pellagra ```

A. Kwashiorkor protein deficiency

``` Pannus formation is characterized in the pathogensis of? A. Rheumatic Fever B. Gout C. Osteoarthritis D. Rheumatoid arthritis ```

D. Rheumatoid arthritis

``` Which of the following conditions is characterized by the presence of a 45X Karyotype? A. Turner’s syndrome B. Down's syndrome C. Edwards syndrome D. Kleinfelter’s syndrome ```

A. Turner’s syndrome

``` Cretinism is caused by? A. Hyperthyrodism B. Hypothyrodism C. Goiter D. Hyperparathyrodism ```

B. Hypothyrodism

``` Acromegaly & gigantism result from an increase in which of the following? A. Histamine B. Somatotropin C. Parathormone D. TSH ```

B. Somatotropin

``` Subacute panencephalitis is a rare sequel to? A. Herpes simplex B. Chicken pox C. Mumps D. Measles ```

D. Measles

``` When there is degeneration of the lateral cells which of the following is affected A. Autonomic function B. Vibration sense C. Motor skill D. Temperature sensation ```

A. Autonomic function

``` Chronic passive congestion of the liver is typically seen in which of the following conditions? A. Right heart failure B. Myocardial infarction C. Hypertension D. Left heart failure ```

A. Right heart failure

``` A starry sky appearance of lymphoid tissue is characteristic of which lymphoma? A. Hodgkin’s B. Burkett’s C. Non-hodgkins D. ALL ```

B. Burkett’s

``` Which of the following causes hypoxia w/out ischemia? A. Thrombosis B. Arterial compression C. Anemia D. Embolism ```

C. Anemia

``` Patchy consolidation of the lung is characteristic of? A. Bronchitis B. Emphysema C. Bronchial asthma D. Bronchopneumonia ```

D. Bronchopneumonia

``` Loss of braking skills, the lack of ability to stop forward movement of the hand when reaching for something results from blockage of? A. Cerebellum B. Medulla C. Cortex D. Brainstem ```

A. Cerebellum

``` The disease most likely to cause secondary orohitis in a post puberty male is? A. Measles B. Mumps C. German measles D. Chicken pox ```

B. Mumps

``` Giant cell arteritis primarily affects the? A. Muscular arteries B. Temporal A. C. Abdominal A. D. Occipital A. ```

B. Temporal A.

``` The genetic defect of the conversion of phenylalanine to tyrosine in the liver results in? A. Mental retardation B. decreased prothrombin time C. agammaglobulinemia D. increased SGPT ```

A. Mental retardation

``` Which of the following tumors is comprised of 3 germ cell layers? A. Sarcoma B. Myloma C. Teratoma D. Lipoma ```

C. Teratoma

Which of the following conditions is characterized by calcification of the temporal artery? A. Atherosclerosis B. Arteriosclerosis C. Giant cell arteritis

C. Giant cell arteritis

What is the mechanism by which the herpes stays in the body long after the infection? A. Compromise lymphocytes B. Sequestering of the virus genome in the sensory neuron (CNV). C. Replicates in spleen & liver

B. Sequestering of the virus genome in the sensory neuron (CNV).

``` Hyperglycemia, obesity, & osteopenia char. of? A. Hyperaldosteronism B. Hypercortisolism C. Hyperparathyroidism D. Diabetes mellitis ```

B. Hypercortisolism

A patient presents w/headaches & a hard pulseless temporal artery which of the following is most likely the cause? A. Giant cell arteritis B. Transient ischemic attack

A. Giant cell arteritis

``` A young male from central Africa has a rapidly expanding mass in the area of the jaw ? A. Keratocanthoma B. melanoma C. squamous cell carcinoma D. Burketts lymphoma ```

D. Burketts lymphoma

``` A pulmonary embolus most commonly originates in the? A. Upper extremity B. Lower extremity C. Kidney D. Brain ```

B. Lower extremity

``` Where would the initial symptoms of myasthenia gravis be observed A. Extraocular B. Calf C. Thigh D. Arms ```

A. Extraocular

``` Pitting edema is typically caused by which of the following ? A. Nexyedema B. Hyperthyrodism C. Congestive heart failure D. Cirrosis of liver ```

C. Congestive heart failure

``` Which of the following conditions is probably present if upon palpation the median groove of the prostate cannot be palpated? A. Prostatitis B. Benign prostatic hypertrophy C. Granulomatous prostate D. Prostate carcinoma ```

D. Prostate carcinoma

``` Which of the following produces exudative lesions caused by mycobacterium tuberculosis & contains caseous? A. Ashcoff dodies B. Ghon lesion C. Brodies abcess D. Guanari bodies ```

B. Ghon lesion

``` Tuberculosis of the spine is AKA for? A. Potts Dz. B. Lymes dz. C. Stills dz D. Ankylosing spondylitis ```

A. Potts Dz.

``` Which type of Dz. Is ankylosing spondylitis? A. Degenerative B. Autoimmune C. Infectious D. Inflammatory ```

D. Inflammatory

``` Pyknosis is characterized by nuclear? A. Dissecration B. Condensation C. Fragmentation D. Dissolution ```

B. Condensation

``` Mask-like face, claw-like fingers, hypertension & fibrosis of the esophagus are characteristic of which of the following Dz.’s? A. Scleroderma B. Systemic lupus C. Raynauds Dz. D. Rheumatoid ```

A. Scleroderma

``` What is a functional vasospastic disorder which affects small arteries & arterioles of the extremities? A. Thromeophlebus B. Raynaud’s Dz. C. Dyspenea D. Beurgers Dz ```

B. Raynaud’s Dz.

``` Which of the following is not characteristic of Horner’s syndrome? (I don’t know if this is right) A. Dyspnea B. Nirosis C. Ptosis D. Enophthalmus ```

A. Dyspnea

``` A small cystic projection from a joint capsule or tendon sheath usually on the wrist is called? A. Ganglion B. Epidermoid cyst C. Synovial sarcoma D. Nodule ```

A. Ganglion

``` Hemorrhage in the reticular formation of the brain is a likely result in? A. Blindness B. aphasia C. anosmia D. Coma ```

D. Coma

``` Which of the following is a localized area of tissue necrosis resulting from an immunologically induced necrotizing vasculitis? A. Type 3 hypersensitivity B. Tuberculin reaction C. Serum sickness D. Anaplasia ```

A. Type 3 hypersensitivity

``` Mature cells of atypical size, shape, & organization are characteristic of? A. Anaplasia B. Dysplasia C. Metaplasia D. Cancer ```

B. Dysplasia

``` Subluxation of the lens, laxity of ligaments, & cystic medial necrosis of the aorta are characteristic of which of the following? A. Alcaptonuria B. Marfan’s syndrome C. Systemic lupus D. Von recklinghausen syndrome ```

B. Marfan’s syndrome

``` In most types of allergic injuries the immediate transient phase of vascular permeability is mediated by which of the following? A. Complement B. Histamine C. Anafavatoxin D. The Hoffman factor ```

B. Histamine

``` Antibody synthesis is a primary function of? A. Monocytes B. Neutrophils C. Basophils D. Plasma cells ```

D. Plasma cells

``` Epidural hemorrhage most likely results from laceration of which of the following arteries? A. Internal carotid B. Middle meningeal C. Middle cerebral D. Superficial temporal ```

B. Middle meningeal

``` Synovial thickening & secondary inflammation w/edema but no pannus formation is seen in which of the following? A. Gouty arthritis B. RA C. TB arthritis D. Osteoarthritis ```

A. Gouty arthritis

``` Ischemic necrosis as a consequence of cardiac muscle damage is which type of necrosis? A. Enzymatic B. Caseous C. Liquidifaction D. Coagulation ```

D. Coagulation

``` Which of the following causes localized edema and accompanies filariasis? A. increased hydrostatic pressure B.decreased osmotic pressure C.increased venous pressure D. Lymphatic obstruction ```

D. Lymphatic obstruction

``` Which joints are affected in Heberden’s nodes? A. Interphalangeal B. Ankle C. Knee D. Intervertebrae ```

A. Interphalangeal

``` Thrombosis & embolism of which of the following vessels can cause a transmural infarction of the small intestine? A. Inferior mesenteric artery B. Superior mesenteric artery C. Superior mesenteric vein D. Inferior mesenteric vein ```

B. Superior mesenteric artery

``` Which of the following Dz. Produces symptoms due primarily to demyelinization of peripheral motor nerve axons? A. Multiple sclerosis B. Post-infectious polyradiculitis C. Myasthenia glairs D. Amyotrophic lateral schlerosis ```

B. Post-infectious polyradiculitis

``` Which of the following conditions may lead to megaloblastic anemia? A. Atrophic gastric mucosa B. increased intrinsic factor C. Hypertrophic gastric mucosa D. decreased paneth cells ```

C. Hypertrophic gastric mucosa

``` Generalized muscle weakness, poor intestinal tonus, & resultant bloating, heart abnormalities & weakness of respiratory muscles characterizes which of the following deficiencies? A. Chloride B. K C. Magnesium D. Calcium ```

D. Calcium

``` The most common malignant tumor of the large intestine is? A. Cancroid B. lymphoma C. Adenocarcinoma D. Squamous cell carcinoma ```

C. Adenocarcinoma

``` Coccidiomycosis most commonly affects which of the following organs? A. Skin B. Intestine C. Lung D. Heart ```

C. Lung

Pathology 1 Flashcards

(98 cards)