Pathology

Question 1

What enzyme is commonly raised in muscle disease?

Answer 1

Creatinine kinase

Question 2

How raised is CK in dystrophic muscle disease?

Answer 2

High
200-300x normal

Question 3

How raised is CK in inflammatory muscle disease

Answer 3

Medium
20-30x normal

Question 4

How raised is CK in neurogenic muscle disease?

Answer 4

Low
2-5x normal

Question 5

Muscle pathology can be divided into 2 different groups. What are they?

Answer 5

Pathology affecting the muscle
Pathology affecting nerve supply to muscles

Question 6

Describe some dystrophic muscle changes.

Answer 6

Varied muscle fibre size
Nuclei centrally placed
Endomysial fibrosis
Fatty infiltrate

Question 7

Duchenne and Becker muscular dystrophy has which genetic inheritance?

Answer 7

X-linked recessive

Question 8

What area of the body does Duchenne and Becker muscular dystrophy primarily affect?

Answer 8

Pelvic girdle

Question 9

What age group are affected by Duchenne’s MD?

Answer 9

2-4 years
Die by 20

Question 10

Pathology behind Duchenne’s MD

Answer 10

Alterations in anchorage of actin cytoskeleton to basement membrane
Fibres weakened without attachment

Question 11

True/False: Becker MD is a genetic varient of Duchenne’s MD with earlier onset?

Answer 11

False - Later onset

Question 12

Which MD is most common?

Answer 12

Myotonic

Question 13

Which inheritence pattern does Myotonic MD follow?

Answer 13

Autosomal dominant Ch19 and Ch3

Question 14

How many forms does myotonic MD exist in?

Answer 14

2 - MD1 and MD2

Question 15

MD1 affects proximal/distal?

Answer 15

Distal

Question 16

MD2 affects proximal/distal?

Answer 16

Proximal

Question 17

Define polymyositis

Answer 17

Progressive MD caused by chronic inflammation of an unknown cause

Question 18

Define dermatomyositis.

Answer 18

Polymyositis with skin changes
Associated with malignancy in 10% of cases

Question 19

What is myasthenia gravis?

Answer 19

Autoimmune disorder where antibodies are made against ACh
Results in muscle weakening and dysfunction

Question 20

Who does myasthenia graves usually affect?

Answer 20

Women between 20-40

Question 21

Define rhabdomyolosis.

Answer 21

Breakdown of skeletal muscle

Question 22

True/False: CT disorders usually affect men more than women?

Answer 22

False - Women are more affected than males