Pathology

Question 1

What are the stages of myocardial histopathology during ischemic and infarction?

Answer 1

Anything less than 24h to two months needs to be staged by pathologist

Basically see progression from neutophil infiltration to collagen and fibrosis

Question 2

What are the complications of MI visible on pathology?

Answer 2

1. Myocardial rupture: left vent. free wall, septal, papillary
2. Aneurysm- ventricular abnormality
3. Mural thrombus- can result from aneurysm/pooling
4. Chronic ischemic heart disease- congestive failure or death

Question 3

What are the three major types of cardiomyopathy?

Answer 3

1. Dilated
2. Hypertrophic
3. Restrictive

Question 4

What are the pathological features of cardiomyopathies?

Answer 4

1. Dilated: heavy flabby heart. (Impaired contractility)
2. Hypertrophic-hypertrophy without dilation, septum 3x bigger than free wall, huge myocytes in disarray (impaired compliance)
3. Restrictive: dilated atria, firm non compliant ventricles. (Impaired compliance)

Question 5

What are the microscopic features of myocarditis?

Answer 5

Inflammation of the myocardium- classified based on type of inflammation.

Lymphocytic: see lots of lymphocytes

Question 6

What are the gross features of aortic and mitral valves with chronic rheumatic fever?

Answer 6

Mitral valve: like catfish mouth ( stenosis, fibrotic and scars, fused chordae)
Atrial dilation

Question 7

What is the most common primary cardiac tumor?

Answer 7

Myxoma: (80% )

Very hypocellular and gelatinous.

Question 8

What are the gross pathological features of an MI?

Answer 8

1. Location: varies based on site of occlusion
2. Extent: can be full or partial thickness
3. Necrosis
4. Hyperaemia (darker-more blood)
5. Fibrosis ( long term)