NHA > Pathophysiology > Flashcards

Pathophysiology Flashcards

(73 cards)

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1
Q

Endemic

A

Illness that is constantly present within a community

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2
Q

Epidemic

A

An infectious disease that spreads rapidly within a large number of people or area.

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3
Q

Pandemic

A

An infectious disease that spreads world wide

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4
Q

Morbidity

A

Measure of sickness within a specific population or area

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5
Q

Mortality

A

Measure of deaths in an area or population

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6
Q

Incidence

A

Occurrence of new diseases in a specific population

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7
Q

Prevalence

A

Proportion of a population who have a particular disease at a specific point in time

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8
Q

Risk factors

A

Characteristics that make a person more likely to suffer a disease or injury

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9
Q

Pathophysiology

A

The study of physical manifestations of illness and disease

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10
Q

Etioilogy

A

The cause, set of causes, or manner of causation of a disease or condition

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11
Q

Symptoms of diabetes mellitus

A 
Polyuria
Polydipsia
Fatigue
Blurry vision
Weight loss
Hyperglycemia
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12
Q

Symptoms for Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCDS)

A

Irregular menstrual cycle
Elevated hormone levels
Multiple cysts in ovaries

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13
Q

Symptoms for Hypothyroidism

A 
Fatigue
Weight gain
Muscle aches
Bradycardia
Depression
Elevated cholesterol
Dry skin
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14
Q

Symptoms for Hyperthyroidism

A 
Weight loss
tachycardia
Fatigue
Sleep disruption
Goiter
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15
Q

Symptoms for basal cell carcinoma

A

New growth or sore that does not heal

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16
Q

Symptoms for squamous cell carcinoma

A

Spreads to surrounding tissue

Most common on face and head

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17
Q

Symptoms for malignant melanoma

A

Itchy/bleeding mole
New mole
Mole with changes

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18
Q

Symptoms for acne vulgaris

A

Black heads
White heads (comedos)
Papules, Pustules

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19
Q

Symptoms for alopecia

A

Loss or lack of hair anywhere on the body, typically on the scalp. Can include eyebrows and eyelashes

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20
Q

Symptoms for cellulitis

A

Red, tight skin
Pain in inflamed area
Fever

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21
Q

Symptoms for dermatitis

A

Inflammation of skin resulting in rash and pruritus

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22
Q

Symptoms for eczema

A

Chronic dermatitis with vesicular eruptions developing into itchy, red, scaly rash

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23
Q

Symptoms for folliculitis

A

Red, itchy hair follicles (pimple appearance)

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24
Q

Symptoms for herpes simplex

A

Type I: Painful blisters on lips, mouth, and face

Type II: Similar lesions, located in genital area

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25
Symptoms for impetigo
Itchy, oozing skin lesions with honey-like appearing crust
26
Etiology of impetigo
Staphylococcal and streptococcal bacteria
27
Symptoms for pediculosis
Skin itching | Nitts (eggs) in hair, particularly near the roots
28
Psoriasis
Silvery, scaly, severely itchy skin
29
Ringworm
Flat, circular lesions (dry/scaly or moist/crusty)
30
Etiology of ringworm
Fungus
31
Symptoms for rosacea
Redness | Acne-like eruptions on face
32
Osteoarthritis
Joint stiffness and pain Fluid surrounding the joint Grating sound with joint movement
33
Rheumatoid arthritis
Destruction of the joint capsule causing scar tissue to form | Visible joint deformity
34
Bursitis
Joint pain and swelling
35
Gout
Joint pain Common in big toe and knee joints Stiffness Swelling
36
Kyphosis
Visible upper back curvature (humpback)
37
Lordosis
Inward curvature of the lower back (swayback)
38
Osteogenesis imperfecta
Fractures at birth | Blue sclera of the eye
39
Etiology for Osteoporosis
``` Hormone deficiencies Lack of Vitamin D Corticosteroid use (log term) ```
40
Osteosarcoma
Pain in bones (usually legs) | Swelling with development of tumor growth
41
Paget's disease
Bone pain and deformity | Excessive bone destruction
42
Scoliosis
Bent appearing spine (laterally)
43
Etiology of Fibromyalgia
Unknown | Exacerbated by sleep deprivation, emotional distress, depression
44
Symptoms for fibromyalgia
Fatigue Point tenderness chronic facial pain
45
Muscular dystrophy
Muscle weakness leading to eventual paralysis
46
Myasthenia gravis
Double vision Muscle weakness Dysphagia Difficulty breathing
47
Tetanus
Muscle spasm in jaw and neck | Rigid spasm
48
Etiology of tetanus
Toxin produced by Clostridium tetani
49
Angina (angina pectoris)
Pain/tightness in chest
50
coronary artery disease (atherosclerosis)
Buildup of fat and cholesterol in arteries
51
Myocardial infarction
Squeezing chest pain that can iradiat
52
Aneurysm
Bulging of an artery
53
Congestive heart failure (CHF)
Shortness of breath Wheezing Peripheral edema
54
Lymphedema
Persistent tissue swelling
55
Causes of mononucleosis
Epstein-Barr Virus | Cytomegalovirus
56
Symptoms of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE)
Fatigue | Butterfly rash on face
57
Symptoms of asthma
wheezing cough tightness in chest
58
Atelectasis
Dyspnea Cyanosis Diaphoresis
59
Bronchitits
Yellow-gray or green productive cough Chest tightness Dyspnea
60
Etiology of Emphysema
Smoking | Specific types of dust
61
Etiology of Legionnaire's disease
Legionella bacteria that grow in standing water
62
Alzheimer's disease
Confusion | Memory loss
63
Bell's palsy
Weakness or paralysis of facial muscles
64
Seizures
Uncontrolled muscle contractions
65
Meningitis
Stiff neck headache fever vomiting
66
Multiple sclerosis
Loss of ability to speak Double vision Loss of balance Weakness in arms/legs
67
Parkinson's disease
Arm/leg muscle and joint stiffness Lack of coordination Tremor
68
Stroke
Paralysis Confusion Memory impairment
69
Benign prostathic hyperplasia (BPH)
Feeling of full bladder after urinating | Need to urinate often
70
Prostate cancer
Pain Erectile dysfunction Dysuria
71
Appendicitis
RLQ pain Loss of appetite Nausea
72
Cirrhosis
``` Anemia Fatigue Fever Hepatomegaly Jaundice ```
73
Cholelithiasis (gallstones)
Pain RUQ Fever Nausea, vomiting
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