Patient Teaching

Question 1

The ANA standards of practice specifies three specific measurement criteria for teaching…

Answer 1

1. provides health teaching that addresses such topics as healthy lifestyles, risk-reducing behaviors, developmental needs, activities of daily living and preventative self-care.
2. Uses health promotion and health teaching methods appropriate to the patient’s developmental level, learning needs, readiness, ability to learn, language preference, and culture.
3. Seeks opportunities for feedback and evaluation of the learning.

Question 2

Learning is…

Answer 2

a change in behavior, knowledge, skills, or attitudes that occurs as a result of exposure to environmental stimuli

Question 3

Teaching is…

Answer 3

an interactive process that involves planning and implementing instructional activities to meet intended learner outcomes or providing activities that allow the learner to learn

Question 4

Learning occurs in these three domains (Bloom’s domains)…

Answer 4

psychomotor
cognitive
affective

Question 5

What are the 5 rights of teaching?

Answer 5

Right Time
Right Context
Right Goal
Right Content
Right Method

Question 6

What is cognitive learning?

Answer 6

includes storing and recalling information in the brain. The “thinking” domain.

Strategies and tools:
lecture
reading materials
panel discussion
audiovisual materials
programmed instruction
computer-assisted instruction
problem based learning (case studies)

Question 7

What is psychomotor learning?

Answer 7

involves learning a skill that requires both mental and physical activity. The “skills” domain

Strategies and tools:
demonstration
audiovisual methods
printed materials (esp. pictures)

Question 8

What is affective learning?

Answer 8

includes changes in feelings, beliefs, attitudes and values. The “feeling” domain

Strategies and tools:
role modeling
panel discussion
one-to-one counseling and discussion
audiovisual materials
printed materials

Question 9

Factors that can affect learning are…

Answer 9

Motivation
Readiness
Timing
Active Involvement
Repetition
Environment
Scheduling the session/ Interruptions
Amount and Complexity of Information
Communication
Development stage
Special populations - special needs
Cultural factors
Literacy

Question 10

Barriers to teaching are…

Answer 10

Lack of 
time 
preparation
space and privacy
priority level of teaching
reimbursement or lack of
frustration
lack of coordination

Question 11

Barriers to learning are…

Answer 11

stress
physical condition
anxiety
low literacy
negative environmental influence
time
overwhelming behavior change needed
lack of support
lack of willingness 
complexity of healthcare system

Question 12

What are the advantages and limitations of lectures?

Answer 12

Advantages: 
     Efficient and cost-effective
     Good for large groups
Limitations: 
     Cannot individualize content
     Not effective for psychomotor or affective domains
     Does not promote retention

Question 13

What are the advantages and limitations of group discussion?

Answer 13

Advantages:
learner-centered
effective for affective and cognitive domains
Limitations:
Less structure
Less effective for psychomotor domain

Question 14

What are the advantages and limitations of demonstration and return demonstration?

Answer 14

Advantages:
     Most effective for psychomotor skills (equipment, self-
        injections etc)
     Can be used in small groups
Limitations:
     Not effective in large groups
     Time-consuming and labor intensive

Question 15

What are the advantages and limitations of one-to-one instruction?

Answer 15

Advantages:
     Gives opportunity to develop a relationship with the 
         learner
     Convey interest in learning needs
     Tailoring of teaching
     Allows for frequent questions and feedback
     Useful in all three domains
Limitations:
     Labor-intensive
     Reaches fewest learners
     Overwhelming information
     Least retention
     Isolates learner from others

Question 16

What are the advantages and limitations of audiovisual materials?

Answer 16

Includes film, tape, recordings, slides or computer generated material
Advantages:
     stimulating 
     reaches large groups
Limitations:
     Inefficient
     Expensive
     Costly to replace materials

Question 17

What are the advantages and limitations of Printed Materials?

Answer 17

Includes fact sheets, pamphlets, and booklets
Advantages:
Standardized information w/ room for individualization
Read on own time
Reinforce material learned by other methods
Efficient
Limitations:
Literacy
Motivation to read
Must be written at average reading level

Question 18

What are the advantages and limitations of Simulation?

Answer 18

Includes written case studies, models, computer programs, and physical setups
Advantages:
     Practicing creates confidence
     Easy to evaluate
     Can troubleshoot problem areas
     No risk to patients
Limitations:
     May require special setups
     Extensive preparation time

Question 19

What are the advantages and limitations of Role-playing?

Answer 19

Advantages:
     Safe
     Unstructured/ allows for freedom
Limitations:
     Requires follow-up discussion
     Willingness to participate
     Self-consciousness of learners

Question 20

What are the advantages and limitations of Role-modeling?

Answer 20

Teacher teaches by being an example
Advantages:
     Learner identifies with the teacher
     Can increase motivation
Limitations
     Learners need to be aware and receptive to the type 
        of teaching

Question 21

What are the advantages and limitations of Self-instruction?

Answer 21

Advantages:
     Opportunity to work at own pace
     Not tied to classroom
Limitations:
     Requires Literacy
     Motivation
     Isolating
     Time-intensive

Question 22

What are the advantages and limitations of Distance learning?

Answer 22

Advantages:
     Teaching across remote/distant areas
     Can be interactive
Limitations:
     Requires good technological skills
     Expensive equipment
     Time-intensive

Question 23

What are the advantages and limitations of listservs and websites?

Answer 23

Advantages:
     Vast amount of information available
Limitations:
     Overwhelming amount of information
     No control by teacher
     Accuracy of information
     Computer literacy of patient

Question 24

What are the advantages and limitations of Computer-assisted instruction?

Answer 24

Advantages:
     Pace controlled by learner
     Review or interactive quizzes
     Available at any time
     CAI provides feedback
Limitations:
     Computer access
     Adequacy of visual, literacy and computer skills
     Impersonal

Question 25

What are the advantages and limitations of gaming?

Answer 25

``` Advantages: can be used for groups fun for new or to reinforce materials Limitations: Competitive atmosphere not appealing to everyone Disabilities may preclude ```

Question 26

What do you include when documenting teaching?

Answer 26

What was taught | Client statements, skills, and behaviors that provide evidence of learning