PDR 1 BM Flashcards by My Wallet Is Dead

Which of the following statements describes a PEDAGOGY?

The learner is self directed.
The learner is dependent upon the instructor for all learning.
The learner is responsible for his own learning.
Self-evaluation is characteristic of this approach.

The learner is DEPENDENT upon the INSTRUCTOR for all learning.

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He developed his ANTISEPTIC SYSTEM while serving as Regius Professor of Surgery in Glasgow:____

Antoine Lavoisier
Benajamin Franklin
Joseph Lister
Oliver Wendell Holmes

Joseph Lister

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Which of the following model of the Physician- Patient Relationship interaction aims to provide the patient with all the relevant information, for the patient to select the medical interventions he or she wants?

Informative Model
Deliberative model
Interpretive model
Paternalistic Model

Informative Model

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Which of the following is described as an ALMOND-SHAPED structure in the brain’s temporal lobe which attaches emotional significance to memories?

prefrontal cortex
neocortex
hippocampus
amygdala

amygdala

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Which of the following stages of competence of learning a skill will a learner say “ I made lots of mistakes, along with judgments against myself for not already knowing how to do it”?

unconscious incompetence
conscious competence
conscious incompetence
unconscious competence

conscious incompetence

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Which of the following theories of forgetting states that forgetting is due to inhibition of old impressions and association by new ones?

Interference theory
Trace decay theory
Assimilation theory
Learning theory

Interference theory

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Which of the following statements describes the role of the learner’s experience in Andragogy?

The learner brings a greater volume and quality of experience
The learner comes to the activity with little experience that could be tapped as a resource for learning.
The experience of the instructor is most influential.
The teacher evaluates learning

The learner brings a greater volume and quality of experience

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Which of the following elements of Dunn& Dunn Learning Style Model refers to where the student like to learn and considered as most conducive to learning?

Physiological Elements
Environmental Elements
Emotional Elements
Sociological Elements

Environmental Elements

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Which of these learners prefer to see the process demonstrated in a step by step way?

Independent Learners
Auditory Learners
Visual learners
Kinesthetic Learners

Visual learners

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He epitomized the reaction of the clinician to abstract and speculative medicine and the pretensions of physicians who behaved as if their scientific research was more significant than medicine practiced at the bedside of the patient *

John Graunt
Thomas Sydenham
Francis Bacon
John Shaw Billings

Thomas Sydenham

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* Paul Ehrlich* identified the different blood types and classified them into blood groups.

FALSE

KARL LANDSTEINER

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Which of the following activities is an example of the Kolb’s active experimentation stage?

case study
brainstorming
model building
reading

case study

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**William Osler “Beaumont” ** – was called ‘‘the first great American physiologist.’’

TRUE

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Which of the following activities is an example of the Kolb’s abstract conceptualization stage? *

model building
case study
.Reading
Brainstorming

model building

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Which of the following model of the Physician- Patient Relationship is the physician considered as the source of technical expertise, providing the patient to exercise control? *

Informative Model
Deliberative Model
Paternalistic Model
Interpretive Model

Informative Model

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● Microbe hunting was not uncommon in the first-half of the nineteenth century, and** Louis Pasteur (1822–1895) was the first to argue that infectious diseases were caused by germs. **

FALSE LOUIS PASTEUR (1822–1895) WAS NOT THE FIRST TO ARGUE THAT INFECTIOUS DISEASES WERE CAUSED BY GERMS

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Which of the following model of the Physician- Patient Relationship does the physician discern what is best for the patient and acts as the patient’s guardian? *

Paternalistic Model
Interpretive Model
Informative Model
Deliberative Model

Paternalistic Model

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Which of the following learners approached learning pragmatically who learn best with projects, application and trying out some principles? *

Abstract conceptualizers
Active Experimenters
Concrete experiencers
Reflective Observers

Active Experimenters

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Which of the following steps of Inductive Method of learning focuses on what happened and describes it as accurately as possible? *

Looking, observing
Doing
Thinking, analyzing, reflecting
Determining the learning objectives

Looking, observing

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21ST CENTURY

A. Smallpox as bioterrorism warfare
B. Penicillin
C. Printing press, gunpowder, compass
D. Period of Enlightenment
E. Puerperal Fever

A. Smallpox as bioterrorism warfare

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RENAISSANANCE PERIOD

A. Smallpox as bioterrorism warfare
B. Penicillin
C. Printing press, gunpowder, compass
D. Period of Enlightenment
E. Puerperal Fever

C. Printing press, gunpowder, compass

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ALEXANDER FLEMING

A. Smallpox as bioterrorism warfare
B. Penicillin
C. Printing press, gunpowder, compass
D. Period of Enlightenment
E. Puerperal Fever

B. Penicillin

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OLIVER WENDELL HOLMES

A. Smallpox as bioterrorism warfare
B. Penicillin
C. Printing press, gunpowder, compass
D. Period of Enlightenment
E. Puerperal Fever

E. Puerperal Fever

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18th CENTURY

A. Smallpox as bioterrorism warfare
B. Penicillin
C. Printing press, gunpowder, compass
D. Period of Enlightenment
E. Puerperal Fever

D. Period of Enlightenment

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22. Which of the following states of memory refers to the unusual ability to glance at an object like a book page, look away and recite the contents with0ut error, as if reading the page? * Eidetic memory Semantic memory Hypermnesia Iconic memory

Eidetic memory

The most common and most preventable cause of nosocomial infections is, ***wearing of mask ***the most fundamental aspect of infection control, by many doctors and healthcare professionals

FALSE | A GENERAL NEGLECT OF HAND WASHING

24. Which of the following activities is an example of the Kolb’s concrete experience stage? * brainstorming case study reading model building

reading

25. Which of the following model of the Physician- Patient Relationship assumes a fairly clear distinction between facts and values? * Deliberative model Interpretive model Paternalistic Model Informative Model

Informative Model

*** NATUROPATHY*** refers to the manipulation of bones as levers to relieve pressure on nerves and blood vessels.-

FALSE JOINT MANIPULATION

28. Which of the following learner have tentative, impartial and contemplative approach to learning? * Abstract conceptualizers Reflective Observers Active Experimenter Concrete experiencers

Reflective Observers

29. Which of the following model of the Physician- Patient Relationship where the physician does not dictate but allows the patient to decide which values and course of treatment best fit who he or she is? * Deliberative model Paternalistic Model Interpretive model Informative Model

Interpretive model

31. Which of the following conditions is characterized by a a chronic, debilitating skin infection that can lead to loss of fingers, toes and facial features? * Hansen”s Disease Bubonic plague The Great pox Black Death

Hansen”s Disease

32. This period is known for political, social, and spiritual unrest, manifested by warfare and revolution, Reformation, and Counter-Reformation * 19th Century 18th Century 16th Century 17th Century

17th Century

33. Which of the following is the causative agent of leprosy? * Yersinia pestis Treponema pallidum H.Influenzae Mycobacterium leprae

Mycobacterium leprae

***OSTEOPATHY*** refers to the treatment involved in giving patients small doses of drugs that produce the same symptoms naturally produced by the sick body and prescribed medicines that increased existing symptoms instead of attempting to change or eliminate them.

FALSE HAHNEMANN

35. Which of the following stages of competence is practice usually much more fruitful than in the previous stage? * conscious incompetence unconscious incompetence unconscious competence conscious competence

conscious competence

36. Which of the following steps of Inductive Method of learning does the issues, dilemmas, problems and concerns are opened by making use of structured exercises, case studies, verbal descriptions, role plays, or personal reports ? * Doing Determining the learning objectives Thinking, analyzing, reflecting Looking, observing

Doing

37. Which of the following fundamental processes does the teacher conducts a lesson by introducing and explaining concepts to students and expect the students to complete the concepts and apply the task? * Pedagogy Inductive Method Deductive Method Andragogy

Deductive Method

38. Which of the following stages of competence of learning a skill will a student driver say “ When I first began learning to drive, I realized there was a whole lot more to it than I'd imagined and I felt a little daunted”? * unconscious competence unconscious incompetence conscious competence conscious incompetence

conscious incompetence

40. Which of the following is the causative agent of syphilis? * H.Influenzae Mycobacterium leprae Treponema pallidum Yersinia pestis

Treponema pallidum

41. Which of the following statements describes the readiness to learn in Pedagogy? * The need to know in order to perform more effectively in some aspect of one’s life is important. Students are told that they have to learn in order to advance to the next level. The ability to assess gaps between where is now and where one wants and needs to be. Any change is likely to trigger a readiness to learn.

Students are told that they have to learn in order to advance to the next level.

42. Which of the following elements of Dunn& Dunn Learning Style Model includes support, motivation and /or structure? * Sociological Elements Physiological Elements Emotional Elements Environmental Elements

Emotional Elements

43. Which of the following learners have an analytical and conceptual approach using logical thinking and rational evaluation? * Reflective Observers Concrete experiencers Active Experimenter Abstract conceptualizers

Abstract conceptualizers

44. This era marked a remarkable progress in controlling the three major obstacles to successful surgery - pain, infection, bleeding.: ___ * In the late 19th century 18th century 20th century 19th century

In the late 19th century

45. He reflected conventional medical wisdom when he said that nature offered only three natural anesthetics: sleep, fainting and death ___ * Oliver Wendell Holmes Antoine Lavoisier Benajamin Franklin Joseph Lister

Oliver Wendell Holmes

46. Which of the following theories of forgetting states that memory is active, and as new learning takes place, some old material is removed to make room for new material? * Trace decay theory Learning theory Interference theory Assimilation theory

Assimilation theory

47. Which of the following is called the “laughing gas”? * Carbolic acid Heroin Alcohol Nitrous oxide

Nitrous oxide

48. Which of the following model of the Physician- Patient Relationship the physician acts as a friend or teacher and aims at no more than moral persuasion, avoiding coercion? * Informative Model Interpretive Model Deliberative Model Paternalistic Model

Deliberative Model

49. Which of the following stages of competence of learning a skill that most people give up? * conscious competence conscious incompetence unconscious competence unconscious incompetence

conscious competence

50. As part of surgical anesthetics, which of the following is useful in surgery because it prevents movement and provides profound muscle relaxation? * Phlebotomy Curare Stinging nettles To knock the patient unconscious with a blow to the jaw

Curare

51. Which of the following model of the Physician- Patient Relationship interaction aims to clarify the patients’ values and what he/ she actually wants to help the patient to choose the treatment that realize these values? * Interpretive Model Deliberative Model Paternalistic Model Informative Model

Interpretive Model

52. Which of the following theories of forgetting states that what is learned makes some sort of change in brain cells, which gradually fade with time? * Interference theory Learning Theory Trace decay theory Assimilation theory

Trace decay theory

53. Which of the following stages of competence is the most difficult stage, where learning begins and where the most judgments against self are formed? * conscious incompetence unconscious competence unconscious incompetence conscious competence

conscious competence

54. Which of the following activities is an example of the Kolb’s reflective observation stage? * reading case study brainstorming model building

brainstorming

55. Briefly differentiate the goals of antisepsis and asepsis. *

The goal of antisepsis is to kill the germs in and around a wound by means of germicidal agents. The goal of asepsis is to prevent the introduction of germs into the surgical site

57. Which of the following learners rely heavily on feeling –based judgments and learn best from specific examples from involvement and discussions? * Concrete experiencers Reflective Observers Active Experimenter Abstract conceptualizers

Concrete experiencers

58. Which of the following model of the Physician- Patient Relationship is the physician considered as a counselor? * Paternalistic Model Informative Model Deliberative Model Interpretive Model

Interpretive Model

Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen ``` A. Oral Polio Vaccine B. Xray C. Tetanus antitoxin D. BCG VACCINE E. Smallpox vaccine ```

B. Xray

Albert Sabin ``` A. Oral Polio Vaccine B. Xray C. Tetanus antitoxin D. BCG VACCINE E. Smallpox vaccine ```

A. Oral Polio Vaccine

Calmette-Guérin ``` A. Oral Polio Vaccine B. Xray C. Tetanus antitoxin D. BCG VACCINE E. Smallpox vaccine ```

D. BCG VACCINE

Edward Jenner ``` A. Oral Polio Vaccine B. Xray C. Tetanus antitoxin D. BCG VACCINE E. Smallpox vaccine ```

E. Smallpox vaccine

Behring and Kitasato ``` A. Oral Polio Vaccine B. Xray C. Tetanus antitoxin D. BCG VACCINE E. Smallpox vaccine ```

C. Tetanus antitoxin

60. Which of the following stages of competence of learning a skill will a learner finds the task much easier than the previous stage, but it is still a bit uncomfortable and self-conscious? * conscious competence unconscious competence unconscious incompetence conscious incompetence

conscious competence

During 1734-1815, physicians and scientists were generally suspicious of***HYPNOTISM** , because of its close association with quackery

TRUE

62. Which of the following disorders of memory is characterized by loss of memory for events immediately preceding a significant life event ( usually traumatic )? * Anterograde Amnesia Senile dementia Alzheimer’s Disease Retrograde Amnesia

Anterograde Amnesia

65. Which of the following model of the Physician- Patient Relationship ensures that the patient receive the intervention that best promote their health and well being? * Paternalistic Model Interpretive model Deliberative Model Informative Model

Paternalistic Model

Which of the following phases of learning where the response generator organizes the learner’s response and allows him to exhibit a performance that reflects what he has learned? * Recall phase Generalization phase Performance phase Feedback phase

Performance phase

PDR 1 BM Flashcards

(67 cards)