PE TERMS

Question 1

Aerobic respiration

Answer 1

the process of releasing energy from glucose, using oxygen

Question 2

anaerobic respiration

Answer 2

the process of releasing energy from glucose, without oxygen

Question 2

aerobic exercise

Answer 2

exercising at a moderate intensity, allowing the body to utilise oxygen for energy production

Question 3

anaerobic exercise

Answer 3

exercising at a high intensity, not allowing the use of oxygen for energy production.

Question 4

heart rate

Answer 4

the number of times the heart beats per minute

Question 5

stroke volume

Answer 5

the amount of blood pumped by the heart each beat

Question 6

cardiac output

Answer 6

the amount of blood pumped by the heart each minute
cardiac output = stroke volume x heart rate.

Question 7

synovial joint

Answer 7

an area where two or more bones meet, allowing a wide range of movement

Question 8

articulating bones

Answer 8

where two or more bones meet to allow movement at a joint

Question 9

tendons

Answer 9

fibrous tissues that join bone to muscle

Question 10

ligaments

Answer 10

stron, flexible fibre that connects bones to other bones

Question 11

flexion

Answer 11

movement increasing the angle between body parts

Question 12

adduction

Answer 12

movement of a body part toward the body’s midline

Question 13

abduction

Answer 13

movement of a body part away from the body’s midline

Question 14

rotation

Answer 14

the action of rotating around an axis or centre

Question 15

circumduction

Answer 15

rotating 360 degrees around an axis

Question 16

antagonistic pair

Answer 16

two muscles working together. one contracts while the other relaxes.

Question 17

agonist

Answer 17

muscle contracting ‘prime mover’

Question 18

antagonist

Answer 18

muscle relaxing

Question 19

fixator

Answer 19

a muscle which acts as the stabilizer and helps the agonist work effectively during movement.

Question 20

fulcrum

Answer 20

the point around which the lever rotates

Question 21

load

Answer 21

the force of the thing that you want to move

Question 22

effort

Answer 22

the force that is applied by the user of the lever system

Question 23

mechanical advantage

Answer 23

a large load can be lifted with relatively little effort.

Question 24

mechanical disadvantage

Answer 24

cannot lift as heavy a load with the same amount of effort.

Question 25

plane

Answer 25

an imaginary line dividing the body vertically into left and right sides.

Question 26

axis

Answer 26

an imaginary line around which the body can turn

Question 27

specificity

Answer 27

the particular requirements of an activity

Question 28

progression

Answer 28

gradually making training more difficult to make sure injury doesn't occur.

Question 29

overload

Answer 29

making training harder in order to make sure improvements occur

Question 30

FITT principle

Answer 30

training principle linked to progressive overload, based on frequency, intensity, time and type

Question 31

reversibility

Answer 31

gradually losing fitness instead of progressing

Question 32

continuous training

Answer 32

steady training with no rest periods

Question 33

interval training

Answer 33

high intensity periods of activity followed by defined periods of rest.

Question 34

fartlek training

Answer 34

training where the speed and terrain are constantly changing

Question 35

circuit training

Answer 35

involves a number of exercises arranged within 'stations'

Question 36

weight/ resistance training

Answer 36

uses progressive resistance to build on muscle strength or muscle endurance.

Question 37

plyometrics

Answer 37

exercises where muscles use maximum force in short intervals of time, with bounding exercises and explosiveness.

Question 38

HITT

Answer 38

exercise that alternates between high intensity and periods of recovery.

Question 39

warm up

Answer 39

activities used to get an individual physically prepared for exercise

Question 40

cool down

Answer 40

light exercise used to aid recovery from an intense workout

Question 41

handicap

Answer 41

making the game harder for the better players and easier for novices

Question 42

injury

Answer 42

physical damage to an individual

Question 43

hazard

Answer 43

a danger or risk

Question 44

oxygen debt

Answer 44

the amount of oxygen needed at the end of physical activity to break down any lactic acid.

Question 45

123

Answer 45

Fulcrum Load Effort

Question 46

1st class lever e.g

Answer 46

nodding head

Question 47

Rowing FLE What class?

Answer 47

- F = top of oar - L = water - Effort = biceps 1st class

Question 48

Tricep dip FLE what class?

Answer 48

- Fulcrum = elbow - load = body weight - Effort = triceps 1st class

Question 49

Nodding head FLE what class?

Answer 49

F = Fulcrum L = front of face E = Neck muscles

Question 50

2nd class lever example

Answer 50

Calf raise

Question 51

Calf raise FLE (taking off in long jump) what class?

Answer 51

F = Balls of the feet L = Body weight through the centre of the foot. E = Gastrocnemius.

Question 52

Kicking a ball FLE (football) what class?

Answer 52

F = knee L = ball E = quadriceps 3rd class lever.

Question 53

Bicep curl FLE what class?

Answer 53

F = elbow L = Dumbbell/ barbell E = Biceps

Question 54

First class lever advantage

Answer 54

mechanical advantage - a large load can be lifted with relatively little effort, due to the effort 'arm' being long

Question 55

first class lever disadvantage

Answer 55

-slower movement - limited flexibility

Question 56

second class lever advantage

Answer 56

mechanical advantage - a large load can be lifted with relatively little effort, due to the effort 'arm' being long.

Question 57

second class lever disadvantage

Answer 57

- slower movement - limited flexibility.

Question 58

third class lever advantage

Answer 58

- fast movement - large range of motion

Question 59

third class lever disadvantage

Answer 59

mechanical disadvantage - cannot lift as heavy a load with the same amount of effort, due to the effort 'arm' being short.