Pediatric

Question 0

Avulsed

Answer 0

Torn away or dislodged by force

Question 1

Autonomy

Answer 1

Childhood process of becoming independent

Question 2

Cerebral palsy

Answer 2

Neural disorder of motor function caused by brain damage

Question 3

Chronologic age

Answer 3

Actual age of pediatric patients (months, years)

Question 4

Contour

Answer 4

To shape or conform an object

Question 5

Down syndrome ; trisomy 21

Answer 5

Chromosomal defect resulting in abnormal physical characteristics and mental impairment

Question 6

Emotional age

Answer 6

Measure of the level of emotional maturity and pediatric patients

Question 7

Extrusion

Answer 7

Displacement of a tooth from its socket as a result of injury

Question 8

Frankl scale

Answer 8

Designed to evaluate patient behavior

Question 9

Intrusion

Answer 9

Displacement of a tooth into its socket as a result of injury

Question 10

Luxation

Answer 10

Dislocation

Question 11

Open bay

Answer 11

Concept of open design used in pediatric dental practices

Question 12

Pediatric dentistry

Answer 12

Dental specialty concerned with neonatal through adolescent patients, as well as patients with special needs in these age groups

Question 13

Pulpotomy

Answer 13

Removal of the coronal portion of a vital pulp from a tooth

Question 14

“Quiet room”

Answer 14

An isolated area required for patient care where children whose behavior can’t upset other children

Question 15

What is the age range for a pediatric patient?

Answer 15

Infancy-adolescence

Question 16

What are ways to include a young child in a procedure?

Answer 16

• have them select type of eyewear they’d like to wear
• have them point to the tooth they’d like you to start with
• have them point to the tooth that smiled for the camera (X-ray)
• have them chose fluoride flavor
• have them hold the saliva ejector

Question 17

What are the guidelines for child behavior?

Answer 17

• be honest with the child
• consider the child’s point of view
• always “tell, show, and do”
• give positive reinforcement

Question 18

How can the dental team give positive reinforcement?

Answer 18

Reinforcing and rewarding appropriate behavior and avoiding rewarding undesirable behavior

Question 19

How should you communicate with a patient who has mild intellectual disabilities?

Answer 19

• minimize distractions
• use short explanations
• use simple language
• take time to present information
• avoid explanation of causes
• Focus on effects of lacking oral hygiene
• teacher activities rather than concepts
• encourage consistency
• use “tell–show–do”
• use positive reinforcement
• use verbal praise

Question 20

How much fluoride is the right amount for a child?

Answer 20

Pea sized amount on the toothbrush is plenty

Question 21

What do sealants protect?

Answer 21

The grooved and pitted surfaces of teeth, especially the chewing surfaces of posterior teeth

Question 22

Where are most cavities found in children?

Answer 22

Posterior teeth

Question 23

What are sealants made of?

Answer 23

Clear or shaded plastic

Question 24

What do you use to save space for eruption of permanent teeth?

Answer 24

Space maintainer

Question 25

What is done with space maintainers?

Answer 25

They are cemented into place and retained until permanent tooth erupts

Question 26

Use of appliances to correct permanent dentition damaging oral habits such as thumb sucking falls under what type of dentistry?

Answer 26

Preventative orthodontics

Question 27

Interceptive orthodontics

Answer 27

Allows the dentist to intercede or correct problems as they develop

Question 28

Correction of a jaw size discrepancy through the use of a removable or fixed appliance would be an example of what type of dentistry?

Answer 28

Interceptive orthodontics

Question 29

What are the 3 types of mouth guards used?

Answer 29

Commercial mouth guards, mouth-formed protectors, and custom fitted vacuum-formed guards

Question 30

Pulp therapy

Answer 30

Attempt to stimulate and preserve pulpal regeneration in primary teeth

Question 31

What are the 2 factors that most commonly affect the pulpal health of young teeth?

Answer 31

Deep caries and traumatic injury

Question 32

Where are deep caries more likely to affect?

Answer 32

Posterior teeth

Question 33

Trauma from injury is more likely to affect which teeth?

Answer 33

Anterior teeth

Question 34

What can be indicated for a newly erupted permanent tooth to promote pulpal healing and stimulate the production of reparative dentin?

Answer 34

Indirect and direct pulp capping

Question 35

Pulpotomy

Answer 35

Complete removal of the coronal portion of the dental pulp

Question 36

Formocresol pulpotomy

Answer 36

Procedure often used on posterior teeth. 50:50 formulation of 19% formaldehyde & 35% cresol in an aqueous glycerin solution

Question 37

Calcium hydroxide pulpotomy

Answer 37

Used primarily for young permanent teeth with open apices

Question 38

Why is a stainless steel crown the restoration of choice for children throughout adolescent years?

Answer 38

- prepared/placed in 1 appt. - durable enough to last until primary teeth are replaced by permanent teeth - almost always tolerated by young gingiva - much less expensive than cast restorations

Question 39

What are the 2 types of stainless steel crowns used in pediatric dentistry?

Answer 39

Pretrimmed and precontoured

Question 40

Where do many injuries to primary teeth occur in the "toddler" stage of 1-2 1/2 year olds?

Answer 40

Maxillary central incisors

Question 41

What consequences can occur to an injury of a young child's tooth?

Answer 41

Discoloration and possible loss

Question 42

What are adults instructed to do should a child's tooth be avulsed?

Answer 42

- immediately recover the tooth - wrap tooth in moistened gauze - go to dentist office immediately

Question 43

How soon should an avulsed tooth be replanted for the highest rate of success?

Answer 43

Within 30 minutes of the accident

Question 44

What is the replantation process?

Answer 44

-local anesthetic -radiographs are taken -surgical curette to remove clotted blood from alveolus (socket) -avulsed tooth is washed in saline solution & inserted into alveolus -tooth is splinted into place with wire, acrylic, or ortho splints Postoperative radiographs are taken -endo treatment is done 6-8 weeks after

Question 45

Which government body should be contacted if child abuse is suspected?

Answer 45

State or county child protective services agency

Question 46

What do you include when reporting child abuse?

Answer 46

- Child's address, sex, age, height, weight - name/address of custodial adult - description of current physical/emotional abuse or neglect - evidence of previous injuries or negligence - info to est. cause of injuries - sketch/photo doc nature/location of injuries

Question 47

What is unique about the treatment setting of a pediatric practice?

Answer 47

- treatment room is not confined or structured - cheerful displays or themed decor - less "medical looking" fun colored scrubs

Question 48

What is the advantage of an open bay concept?

Answer 48

Provides reassurance allowing children to see other kids receiving care. Children are less likely to misbehave in front of other children