OB > Peds > Flashcards

Peds Flashcards

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1
Q

Infants Stage and one thing to go with it

A

Trust vs mistrust sensory motor exploration

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2
Q

Toddlers stage and two things that go along with it

A

Autonomy vs shame and doubt

Fear of strangers, and separation and anxiety

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3
Q

Preschool stage and one thing

A

Initiative vs guilt vivid imagination

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4
Q

School age kids stages 2 things

A

Industry vs Inferiority understands concept of time and right/wrong

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5
Q

Adolescent stage

A

Identity vs role confusion

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6
Q

nociceptive pain

A

Nociceptive pain is a type of pain caused by damage to body tissue. Nociceptive pain feels sharp, aching, or throbbing. It’s often caused by an external injury, like stubbing your toe, having a sports injury, or a dental procedure.

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7
Q

Neuropathic

A

Neuropathic pain can happen if your nervous system is damaged or not working correctly. You can feel pain from any of the various levels of the nervous system—the peripheral nerves, the spinal cord and the brain

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8
Q

Somatic vs visceral

A

tissues vs organs

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9
Q

What to remember about infants and pain?

A

They may feel more pain because of immature CNS

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10
Q

Physiological changes with pain in kids

A

Change in vitals or ICP

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11
Q

Toddlers and pain 3

A

can react to painless, point to where it hurts, regressive behaviors
FLACC

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12
Q

Preschool and pain

A

Magical thinker, may not say it because mom must know, more vocab to describe pain and location.

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13
Q

School age range

A

5-12

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14
Q

School age pain 3

A

Tell all about it, may hide it because embarrassed, body reaction.

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15
Q

QUESTT

A 
Pain assessment 
Question the child
Use s reliable and valid scale 
Evaluate child trends
Secure parent's involvement
Take the cause of pain into account when interventing
Take action
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16
Q

FLACC scale and what age groups

A

Non verbal, preschool, preschool Behavioral scale including face, legs, Activity, Cry, consolability. Ranked 0-2 adding up to ten

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17
Q

Oucher pain scale and who used for

A

Have pictures of real kids for school age

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18
Q

What are sweeties?

A

Satisfaction and soothing from sucking on sucrose pacifier

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19
Q

Ibuprofen dosage for peds

A

5-10mg/kg every 6 hours not given to kids under 6

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20
Q

What not to give kids? Meds

A

Asprin

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21
Q

Acetaminophen peds dose

A

10-15mg/kg q 4-6hrs no more than 5 doses in 24 hours

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22
Q 
Cream to give kids for pain 
Name
Function
depth
for?
How to apply and time
age
A

EMLA cream Eutectic mix of local anesthetics, lidocaine and prilocainel.
3-4mm
blood draws, IV, IM
Glob with occlusive dressing on top to keep in place 30-90mins or longer if tissue for deeper procedures
37 weeks gestation and older

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23
Q

Synera and age

A

EMLA patch and 3yr

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24
Q

What is Vulnerable child Syndrome?

A

Because of a serious illness parents have a hard time separating from a child and have significant anxiety which the child feels and develops symptoms that reinforce parents fears. Parents may try to regain control and don’t foster independence and don’t discipline kid which affects development

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25
Simple What is failure to thrive?
Inadequate nutrition
26
Organic Failure to thrive nonorganic?
Inability to consume adequate calories within the body | Psychosocial
27
FTT discharge rule for babes
gain an oz a day for a few days before discharge
28
PKU What is it what can/ can't have What can it cause
An inborn error of metabolism that interferes with a liver enzyme that processes amino acid phenylalanine. sugar/fruit /veggies/ special stuff protein aspartame Brain damage
29
Galactosemia what can it cause? 5 One thing long term
Inborn error of metabolism liver, galactose can cause organ damage jaundice cataracts, feeding intolerance, N/V, sepsis. No dairy for life
30
Maintenance fluids for peds rule
First 10kg x100ml Second 10kg X 50ml Everything past X20ml
30
Maintenance fluids for peds rule
First 10kg x100ml Second 10kg X 50ml Everything past X20ml
31
How much IM/Subcut given to kids
no more than 2mL
32
Weight of kids 5 things
``` Birth-7.5lbs Lose about 10% in in first week of life regain in 2 weeks double by 4-5 months triple by one year ```
33
Height and new borns average at birth What is it after birth
Average is 50cm or 20 in | 1 in per month for first 6 months and then 1/2 in/month next 6 months
34
Head circumference normal birth in a year how does it change? What does it show?
13.5 About four in in first year | indicative of brain growth
35
when do the fontanels close?
Posterior around 2 months | anterior- 12-18months
36
Respiratory rate newborns 1-12months type?
30-60 25-55 irregular with pause
37
6 things to know about infants respiratory system
``` Nasal passageway is narrower trachea and chest wall more compliant Larynx more funnel shaped tongue is longer Fewer alveoli bronchioles are shorter narrower ```
38
Normal HR for newborns for babes? and what happens
up to 180 120-140 slows to 100 by 12 months
39
how much can a newborn stomach hold?
about 0.5-1 oz
40
up to how many stools per day for kids?
10
41
first tooth by when
6 months
42
Normal urine output for babe | Normal GFR for babe
1-3ml/kg/hr | MINIMUM is 1ml/kg/hr
43
when does umbilical cord fall off
10-14 days
44
When do kids become iron deficient?
Can become iron deficient around 6-9 months
45
When does object permanence begin and solidify
4-7 months and 8 months
46
When does babe know they are different from caregiver?
12 months
47
cephalocaudal
the baby learns to lift the head before learning to roll over and sit gross motor
48
proximodistal
Fine motor from the center to the periphery
49
What age should infant lift head and chest and hold position?
2 months
50
What age do infants lose the head lag?
4 months
51
What age do infants roll 2?
4-p-s | 5s-p
52
what age do infants sit tripod? and unsupported?
6 months | 8months
53
what age should kids pull to stand?
10 months
54
What age should they grasp a rattle?
5 months
55
what age should they transfer objects?
7 months
56
what age should they grasp a cheerio?
10 months
57
What age should they be able to bang things together?
9 months
58
what age should they offer objects are releases
11
59
Sounds in a year 4 sections
1-3 cooing 4-7 laugh 7-10 babbling 9-10 meaning to words
60
when is stranger danger and separation anxiety
8 months | 9 months
61
what is the tongue extrusion reflex? and when does it go away?
push food out with tongue around 6months
62
S/s of IICP 5
Bulging fontenels, cranial suture separation, increase in head circumference, high pitched scream, triad.
63
Lennox- Gastaut what is it one thing
multiple different seizures -intellectual disability
64
Anencephaly | encephalocele
A-Small or missing brain hemis remaining tissue maybe exposed E-protrusion of brain and meninges through skull defect
65
What is microcephaly (measure) and disease
HC 3 standard deviations below normal. Zika
66
Crinosynostosis
Premature closing of sutures
67
Chiari 2 malformation
Back of the brain is pulled down out of the skull
68
Myelomenigocele
Protruding meninges and spinal cord
69
Shunting hydrocephalus 7
``` ICP s/s Infection s/s seizures change in LOC poor feeding N/V HA doesn't go away ```
70
Shunting hydrocephalus 7
``` ICP s/s Infection s/s seizures change in LOC poor feeding N/V HA doesn't go away ```
71
What is REYE syndrome
Salicylates- asprin brain swells seizures live fail
72
osteomyelitis and 5 causes
Staph aureus, group a and b strep, e coli, s. pneumoniae, H influenzae
73
How do you get osteomyelitis
bacteria from blood invade rapidly growing bone
74
Osteomyelitis risk factors 5
Impetigo-strep, varcella legions, burns, trauma, ortho surg
75
Normal BP for infant
60-100/40-55
76
What does the FLACC scale stand for who to use it on?
Face, Legs, Activity, Cry, Consolability | 2month to 7 years
77
Typical absence seizures 5 and type
nonmotor, usually happens in kids, daydreaming look. EEG has a unique pattern 3Hz spike usually does not follow into adulthood. Generalized
78
Atypical absent seizures 6 and type
Staring spell, lip and eye movement, somewhat responsive, commonly longer than 10 seconds, gradual beginning and end, goes into adulthood. Generalized
79
Atonic seizure and type
fall to ground. can resume generalized
80
What is neurofibromatosis
Tumors that grow on the nerves
81
How to Rx Neurofibromatosis 8
have to have two or more signs of cafe au lait spots (at least 6), 2 or more neurofibromas, or one plexiform, freckling in armpit or groin, optic glioma, lisch nodules, abnormal bones, 1st degree relative that has it
82
Fold of eye flap with downs
Epicanthal folds
83
When does walking stepping reflex disappear
2 months
84
When does moro go away
4 months
85
When does the suck root reflex go away?
5 give me a high five if you don't suck
86
When does the palmer grasp go away?
six pay attention to s in grasp
87
8 months 2 things
Babble and peak a Boo | Bs and 8
88
what goes away at 12 months
Babinski and plantar
89
When does the tonic neck go away
5 months | need 5 fingers to drink a gin and tonic
90
How much can a newborn stomach hold? when to burp? why regurg?
1-2tsp After every oz or between breasts weak sphincters
91
How often do newborns eat?
Every 2-3 hours
92
What to remember about the neonates stomach?
It is sterile and does not produce vit k because there is no bacteria.
93
What is meconium and one thing about it
Black tar stool from amniotic fluid and they may poop in the womb if they are stressed.
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