Pelvis

Question 1

what are the three bones of the pelvis

Answer 1

ilium
pubis
ischium

Question 2

where is the ilium

Answer 2

superiorly

Question 3

where is the pubis

Answer 3

anteriorly and inferiorly

Question 4

where is the ischium

Answer 4

posteriorly and inferiorly

Question 5

what are the three functions of the pelvis

Answer 5

1. supports and transmits the weight of the body
2. a point of attachment for the muscles of the trunk and lower limbs
3. protection for internal organs

Question 6

arteries and veins of the pelvis

Answer 6

common iliac arteries
internal iliac artery
internal iliac vein
gonadal vessels

Question 7

which bone is the largest

Answer 7

iliac bones

Question 8

what does each ilium have superiorly

Answer 8

an ala (wing)

Question 9

what does each ilium have inferiorly

Answer 9

body

Question 10

what does the body of the ilium form part of

Answer 10

the acetabulum

Question 11

what does the acetabulum articulate with

Answer 11

the head of the femur

Question 12

what is the superior border of the ilium called

Answer 12

the iliac crest

Question 13

where does the iliac crest project anteriorly

Answer 13

it projects anteriorly ending at the anterior superior iliac spin (ASIS)

Question 14

where does the anterior inferior iliac spine sit

Answer 14

inferiorly to ASIS

Question 15

where does the iliac crest project posteriorly

Answer 15

projects posteriorly ending at the posterior superior iliac spine PSIS

Question 16

where is the posterior inferior iliac spine found

Answer 16

inferior to PSIS

Question 17

what does the ischium make up

Answer 17

the inferior and posterior portion of each hip

Question 18

what does ischium comprise of

Answer 18

a superior body and inferior ramus

Question 19

what is below the ischial spine

Answer 19

lesser sciatic notch

Question 20

what does the ischium fuse with

Answer 20

fuses both superiorly and inferiorly with the pubis to form the obturator foramen

Question 21

what is obturator foramen covered by

Answer 21

fibrous obturator membrane but vessels and nerves still pass through it

Question 22

what part of the pelvis is the pubis

Answer 22

the anterior inferior portion

Question 23

what is the pubis made up of

Answer 23

a superior ramus
an inferior ramus
and a body between them

Question 24

where does the pubic tubercle project

Answer 24

anteriorly and superiorly from the pubis

Question 25

what is pubic symphysis

Answer 25

where the 2 pubic bones meet separated by a disc of fibro-cartilage

Question 26

what happens to the pubic symphysis during child birth

Answer 26

hormones act upon the pubic symphysis so it can relax and aid delivery

Question 27

what is the acetabulum

Answer 27

a deep fossa formed by the ilium, ischium and pubis

Question 28

what is the inferior aspect of the acetabulum called

Answer 28

the acetabular notch

Question 29

what are the joints of the pelvic girdle

Answer 29

the hip joint the sacroiliac joints the symphysis pubis

Question 30

what type of joint is the hip joint

Answer 30

synovial ball and socket joint

Question 31

what type of joint is the sacroiliac joint

Answer 31

synovial plane joint

Question 32

what type of joint is the symphysis pubis

Answer 32

a cartilaginous joint with minimal movement

Question 33

what does the pelvic girdle itself form

Answer 33

a stable ring with more limited movement

Question 34

what are the hip bones bound together at

Answer 34

the two sacroiliac joints and the pubic symphysis

Question 35

what are the sacroiliac joints classified as

Answer 35

synovial plane joints

Question 36

what is the sacrum like superiorly and what does this mean?

Answer 36

wider superiorly than inferiorly which limits movement of the joints

Question 37

what is the sacrum supported by

Answer 37

ligaments

Question 38

what type of joint are symphyses (symphysis pubis plural)

Answer 38

cartilaginous joints

Question 39

what are cartilaginous joints like

Answer 39

the articular surfaces of the bones are covered by hyaline cartilage and bones are held together by a plate of fibrocartilage

Question 40

how much movement does symphysis pubis allow

Answer 40

only a slight degree of movement

Question 41

how is the bony pelvis divided

Answer 41

divided into superior and inferior portions by the pelvic brim

Question 42

what portion is the false pelvis

Answer 42

the portion above the pelvic brim

Question 43

what portion is the true pelvis

Answer 43

portion below the pelvic brim

Question 44

does the false pelvis house any pelvic organs

Answer 44

no other than the urinary bladder when it is full and the uterus/ovaries/uterine tubes of the female

Question 45

what is the true pelvis bound by

Answer 45

the sacrum/coccyx posteriorly ilium/ischium laterally pubis anteriorly

Question 46

what does the true pelvis have

Answer 46

a pelvic inlet a pelvic outlet a cavity

Question 47

what is the pelvic inlet

Answer 47

the superior opening of the true pelvis

Question 48

what is the pelvic inlet bordered by

Answer 48

the pelvic brim

Question 49

what is the pelvic outlet

Answer 49

the inferior opening of the true pelvis

Question 50

what are the four surface palpitations

Answer 50

iliac crests ASIS PSIS Symphysis pubis

Question 51

how can you palpate the iliac crests

Answer 51

can palpate if you curve your hand in and down

Question 52

how can you palpate the ASIS

Answer 52

bony protuberance of your hip

Question 53

how is false pelvis in female and male

Answer 53

female - more shallow male - deep

Question 54

how is the pelvic brim in female and male

Answer 54

female - pelvic brim larger and more oval male - pelvic brim smaller and heart shaped

Question 55

what is acetabulum like in female and male

Answer 55

female - small and faces anteriorly male - large and faces laterally

Question 56

what is obturator foramen like in female and male

Answer 56

female - more oval male - round

Question 57

what is pubic arch like in female and male

Answer 57

female - greater than 90 degrees male - less than 90 degrees

Question 58

what is the hip joint like

Answer 58

multiaxial ball and socket joint

Question 59

what are the ligaments like in hip joint

Answer 59

strong its a stable joint and dislocation is rare and requires major force

Question 60

what is sacrum

Answer 60

triangular bone formed by union of 5 sacral vertebrae

Question 61

when does fusion of sacrum begin and end

Answer 61

begins - 18 completed - by age 30

Question 62

where is sacrum situated

Answer 62

posterior to pelvis

Question 63

what does sacrum articulate with

Answer 63

the iliac bones at the sacro-iliac joints

Question 64

what is female sacrum like

Answer 64

shorter, wider and more curved between S2-S3

Question 65

what side of sacrum faces the pelvic cavity

Answer 65

the concave anterior side

Question 66

what does the sacrum contain

Answer 66

the 4 transverse lines/ridges that mark the fusion of the vertebrae

Question 67

what do the sacral ala resemble

Answer 67

wings

Question 68

what is the 5th sacral vertebra attached to

Answer 68

the coccyx by ligaments

Question 69

what is the apex of the sacrum like

Answer 69

narrow inferior portion

Question 70

what is the base of the sacrum like

Answer 70

broader superior portion

Question 71

what is the sacral promontory like

Answer 71

anteriorly projecting border

Question 72

what does the auricular surface of sacrum enable

Answer 72

articulation with the iliac bones at the sacro-iliac joints

Question 73

what shape is the coccyx

Answer 73

triangular

Question 74

what is on the lateral aspect of the coccyx

Answer 74

foramina

Question 75

function of the coccyx

Answer 75

provide attachment for ligaments and tendons

Question 76

what does coccyx articulate posteriorly with

Answer 76

the sacrum

Question 77

where does the coccyx point

Answer 77

anteriorly in males moves inferiorly in females to aid childbirth