people

Question 1

Henry Ford

Answer 1

• assembly line production
• car affordability for all, change in lifestyle for many
• security and high wages (5 bucks/day), new jobs for the upkeep
• illusion of prosperity

Question 2

Andrew Jackson

Answer 2

• 7th president, known as a general
• racist policies against Natives - Trail of Tears
  forced displacement of Natives, bypassed congress
• Louisiana purchase 1803
  Western part of the Mississippi River basin purchased from France, greatest land bargain, doubled size of US, strengthened country materially and strategically, powerful impetus to westward expansion
• Nullification

Question 3

Herbert Hoover

Answer 3

• 31st president
• opposed direct relief from the federal government
• organization of voluntary measures and encouragement of state and local government responses after the stock market crash
• belief in volunteerism and private charity
• increased government spending
• federal public programs
• Agricultural Marketing Act 1929
• Smoot-Hawley Tariff - implemented protectionist trade policies
• Hoovervilles and the Bonus Army
  Bonus: Congress promised a special reward to WWI veterans, payable in 1945 -> demanded in 1932 - passed, then voted against by the Senate
  demonstrations, general McArthur - defiance of orders, arson and brutality

Question 4

Franklin Delano Roosevelt

Answer 4

• 32nd president
• optimism for the future
• The New Deal (Roosevelt) Coalition
  programs addressing the Great Depression, “alphabet soup”: FERA, CCC, TVA, NRA, AAA, WPA
• The Republican Constituency: Wall Street, Big Farmer, Traditional cultural conservatives
  “Take a method and try it: If it fails, admit it frankly and try another.”

Fireside Chats - radio broadcast by Franklin Delano Roosevelt
- about recovery from the Great Depression

Question 5

Theodore Roosevelt

Answer 5

• 26th president
• leader of progressive movement
• Square Deal domestic policies: fairness for all citizens, 3 goals - 3 C’s
  conservation of natural resources, corporate law, and consumer protection
  —
  breaking bad trusts
  regulation of railroads
  pure food and drugs
  establishment of national parks

Question 6

Abraham Lincoln

Answer 6

• 16th president
• Gettysburg Lincoln’s Address - 2-minute speech: referred to the DoI, description of happenings, synonymous words for holy used by different means, deflecting criticism, ultimate form of devotion, sacrifice
• American Civil War, defending the nation as a constitutional union, defeating the Confederacy
• abolition of slavery - EMANCIPATION PROCLAMATION 1863
  changing the legal status of more than 3.5 million enslaved African Americans in Confederate states from enslaved to free
• expanding the power of the federal government
• and modernizing the U.S. economy

Question 7

Booker T. Washington

Answer 7

• beliefs: African Americans must focus on educating themselves, trades, own businesses, basically prove themselves to whites
• born into slavery
• first leader of the new Tuskegee Institute in Alabama, an institute for black higher education

Question 8

Jane Addams

Answer 8

• founded and managed the settlement house: Hull House (1889), slums of Chicago
• attempt to mitigate the harsh conditions of poverty
• social work
• help to neighbours, educational lectures, care of children and elderly
• pushed for legislative reforms: child labor, clean streets, education reform
• integration of immigrants into US
• Jane Addams + Marian Cripps, Emily Balch and Margaret E. Dungan founded the WOMEN’S INTERNATIONAL LEAGUE FOR PEACE AND FREEDOM (1919)

Question 9

Francis Cabot Lowell

Answer 9

• instrumental in bringing the Industrial Revolution to the US
• Lowell recruitment plan: textile mills recruitment, women and young girls mostly

Question 10

Harriet Beecher Stowe

Answer 10

• “Uncle Tom’s Cabin” 1852
  credited with helping fuel the abolitionist cause, increase in anti-slavery mindset
• “The New Housekeeper’s Manual: The American Women’s Home or, Principles of Domestic Science” 1869 with Catherine E. Beecher
  offers a guide to the formation, maintenance of economical, healthful, beautiful, Christion homes
  read by American working-class women who had domestic servants
  middle-class ideal, CULT OF DOMESTICITY

Question 11

Henry Clay

Answer 11

9th secretary of state, Treaty of Ghent
- Great Britain agreed to relinquish claims to the Northwest Territory, and both countries pledged to work toward ending the slave trade. America, in turn, gained influence as a foreign power

“I hope that it will yet be said, America is America’s best customer.”