Aristotle
Associationism: experiences remind us of others in the past
Plato
Introspection
Hippocrates
First to think disorders were in the brain not by gods
Wilhelm Wundt
Structuralism: basic elements of of consciousness
William James
Functionalism: mental process adapts to surroundings
John B. Watson
Behaviorism: study of observable behavior
B. F. Skinner
Reinforcement: rewards for actions
The Gestalt School
Perception is more than sums of parts
Sigmund Freud
Psychoanalysis: importance of unconscious motives