Performance

Question 1

GRF*

Answer 1

• 4th column NR -> Coverage <10%
  5th column NR -> water depth <= 3mm
  8th column Runway width report if <45m
• If contaminant coverage for the third >25% , RWY -> Contaminated
• must not use AIREP for upgrade Braking performance level
• the Maximum upgrade RWYCC is 3 (Upgrade only when initial RWYCC 0,1)
• depth >3mm -> Contaminated
• Dry Snow -> can be blown if loose , compact by hand , fall apart up on release
• SNOWTAM -> 8hr , issue whenever RCR receive
• compact snow -> not increasing of friction (cant T/O in OM)
• do not T/O when braking action poor , RWYCC1 , coefficient <= 0.25

Question 2

Other Speed

Answer 2

• Calibrated Air Speed (dynamic pressure) = total pressure - static pressure
• Indicated Air Speed = วัดโดยเครื่องวัดซึ่งควรจะเท่ากับ CAS แต่จะคลาดเคลื่อนนิดนึง (Ki)
• True Air Speed = CAS วัดเทียบอัตราการหมุนของโลก
• Ground Speed = TAS + Wind component
• Mach Number = TAS / Speed of sound -> higher slower
• VMCG -> minimum control speed on ground
  CAS during T/O run which Engine fail to enable T/O with lateral deviate <= 30’
• VMCA -> minimum control speed in the air (<1.2 Vstall)
  single engine , maintain path bank <5degree , heading change <20degree
• VMCL -> minimum control speed during approach & landing
• Vs -> CAS Stall Speed , minimum steady flight speed
• VMU -> minimum unstick speed , pull control stick until tail strike & rotate
• CI = cost of time / cost of fuel (ex CI30 mean 1min burn 30kg fuel)
• Green dot Speed -> best lift drag ratio , Max Endurance , Best angle of climb

Question 3

T/O Speed

Answer 3

• Vef -> Engine Failure Speed , CAS at which engine assume to fail
• V1 -> Decision Speed , Vef + recognition time 1sec
• VR -> Rotation Speed , speed at which pilot initiate rotate 3degree/sec
• Vlof -> Lift off Speed , CAS at which plane first airborne
• V2 -> minimum speed that must be reach at height of 35’ above runway with 1 engine
• Maximum Tire Speed 195kt (Ground Speed)

Question 4

TOR TOD ASDA

Answer 4

• TODwet = max of (TOD dry , TODn-1 wet)
• Runway without clearway or Wet Runway TOD = TOR
• ASDwet = max of (ASD dry , ASDn-1 wet , ASD wet)
• ASD calculated plus a distance 2sec at V1 after Engine fail
• TORA = runway length , distance from runway entry point to end of runway
• TODA = TORA + length of clearway
• ASDA = TORA + length of stopway
• TODA calculated form main gear / ASDA

Question 5

T/O Segment

Answer 5

• First Segment 35’ or Vlof -> gear up
  Second Segment gear up -> ACC alt / Gradient 2.4%
  Third Segment ACC alt(min 400’) -> clean config
  Final Segment Gradient 1.2%
• Gradient panelty 0.8%
• minimum SID Gradient 3.3%
• Runway Slope T/O Certificated +/- 2%

Question 6

Cruise

Answer 6

• LRC = 99% Max Range (ยอมเสีย 1% distance แลกกับ Speed ที่มากขึ้นเยอะ)
• Kinetic Energy -> Speed / Acceleration
  Potential Energy -> Altitude / Climb
• REC MAX
  Maximum Certificated = 398 (possible to maintain cabin pressure alt 8000’)
  Maximum Cruise Altitude
  0.3g buffet margin
  Climb ceiling 300’/min

Question 7

Engine Fail at cruise

Answer 7

• Critical point -> point which Engine Fail , drift down , net flight path clear terrain 2000’
• no-return point -> point which not possible to turn back with net flight path clear terrain 2000’
• continue point -> point which possible to continue with net flight path clear terrain 2000’
• if no-return point is happen before continue point -> escape route

Question 8

Landing

Answer 8

• Stopway cant use for landing distance calculation
• Displace Threshold -> slope 2% from obstacle + 60m to threshold
• Vapp = Vls + Wind correction
• Vapp target = GSmini + actual H-wind
• Vref = Vls in CONF Full
• ALD = Actual Landing Distance
  Distance between 50’ above runway threshold , the point where aircraft complete stop
• Landing Climb Gradient 3.2% (All Engines , Gear Extend , landing config)
• Approach Climb Gradient(CAT II/III) 2.5% (One Engines , TOGA , Gear Retract ,Go around config)
• Approach Climb Gradient 2.1% (One Engines , TOGA , Gear Retract ,Go around config)
• RLD = Required Landing Distance , minimum distance required at destination for dispatch
  RLDdry = ALD/0.6 <= LDA
  RLDwet = 1.15RLDdry <= LDA
• Pressure altitude มากขึ้น -> LD มากขึ้น / Climb Gradient น้อยลง / Rate of Climb น้อยลง (แย่ลงหมด)
• Flap สูงขึ้น -> LD น้อยลง / Climb Gradient ลดลง (มีข้อดีข้อเสีย)

Question 9

Memory Item Speed

Answer 9

V1 > Vef , Vmcg
VR >= 1.05Vmca , V1
Vlof >= 1.05Vmu(n-1) , 1.08Vmu(n)
V2 >= 1.1Vmca , 1.13Vs1g
Approach climb gradient speed >= 1.23Vs1g , VMCL / <= 1.41Vs1g
Landing climb gradient speed >= 1.13Vs1g , VMCL / <= 1.23Vs1g
Vls , Vat -> IAS at threshold = 1.23Vs1g