What group does hydrogen belong to
NONE
Characteristics of elements in same grp
Similar chemical properties
What happens to number of protons as elements go down a group
They increases ( atomic radii also increases)
WAHT happens to Number of protons across period
It increases
What’s metallic character ( in period)
Ability of ATOMS to LOSE valence electrons and form POSITIVE IONS
What’s a non metallic character
Ability of ATOMS to GAIN valence electrons by SHARING ELECTRONS OR FORMING NEGATIVE IONS
What are properties of oxide across periods ( metals, nonmetals, metalloids - the inbtwn one)
Metal - basic oxides
Nonmetal - acidic oxides
Metalloids - amphoteric oxide
GROUP 18 DONT FORM OXIDES
What are grp 1 metals called n y
Alkali metals cuz they react w water produce alkali solution that gives our hydrogen gas
Physical properties of group 1 elements
- good conductor of electricity : sea of FREE MOVING VALENCE ELECTRONS
- SOFT , ez cut w knife
- shiny, SILVERY solids
- LOW DENSITY, float on water
0 LOW MELTING POINTS
What are trends down GROUP 1
- MELTING POINT DECREASES AS IT GOES DOWN
- REACTIVITY INCREASES
Why does reactivity increases as it goes down the group
- radius of metal ion INCREASES
- VALENCE SHELL FURTHER from nucleus
-WEAKER ELECTROSTATIC FORCES OF ATTRACTION btwn POSTIVIE nucleus n VALENCE ELECTRONS - SMALLER AMT OF ENERGY needed to remove valence electrons
- electrons LOST MORE READILY to form positive IONS
- MAKE GRP 1 METALS MORE REACTIVE DOWN THE GRP
Why does melting point of metal DECREASES as it goes down the group
radius of metal ion INCREASES
- VALENCE SHELL FURTHER from nucleus
-WEAKER ELECTROSTATIC FORCES OF ATTRACTION btwn POSTIVIE nucleus n VALENCE ELECTRONS
- SMALLER AMT OF ENERGY needed to remove valence electrons
- melting point DECREASES
What agents are grp 1 elements
Powerful REDUCING agents
What do grp 1 metals react w n what do they produce
- react w OXYGEN : form METAL OXIDE
- react w WATER : form STRONG ALKALI & HYDROGEN
- react & BURN WITH CHLORINE GAS : form WHITE SOLID OF METAL CHLORIDES
Characteristics of group1 metal carbonates
- SOLUBLE in water
- THERMALLY STABLE ( don’t decompose upon heating)
Characteristics of group 1 metal oxides
- BASIC in nature
Characteristics of grp1 compounds
White solids n forms colourless solutions
Physical properties of group 17 elements
- elements are COLOURED
- LOW MELTING n boiling points
-Non conductor of electricity - SOLUBLE IN WATER
How does colour change down group 17
Become darker
Trends down group 17 elements
- melting point increases
- reactivity decreases down the grp
- colour become darker
Why does melting point increases down grp 17
- size of halogen molecules INCREASES down the grp
- GREATER SURFACE ARE OF INTERACTION btwn larger molecules
- MORE energy needed overcome STRONGER INTERMOLECULAR FORCES OF ATTRACTION
Why does reactivity decrease down grp 17
- size of halogen increase
- valence electron further from nucleus
- electrostatic force of attraction are WEAKER
- electron GAINED less readily into valence shell
- group 17 become less reactive down the group
What agents are grp 17 elements
Powerful oxidizing agents
How does displacement reaction work in grp 17
More reactive halogen displace a less reactive halogen from aqueous halide solution
