Science (7+8 Grade) > Periodic Table > Flashcards

Periodic Table Flashcards

(65 cards)

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1
Q

Group

A

A column of elements on the periodic table

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2
Q

Period

A

A horizontal row of elements on the periodic table

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3
Q

Ion

A

Charged particles that form during chemical changes when one or more valence electrons transfer from one atom to another

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4
Q

Metal

A

Elements that are shiny and are good conductors of thermal energy and electrical current

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5
Q

Metalloids

A

Elements that both the properties of a metal and nonmetal; sometimes referred to as semi conductors

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6
Q

Non metals

A

Elements that are dull and poor conductors of thermal electric energy

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7
Q

Element

A

A pure substance that can’t be separated by physical or chemical means

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8
Q

Conductor

A

A material for which electrical charges and thermal energy move easily through

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9
Q

Chemical bond

A

A force of attraction that holds two atoms together

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10
Q

Covalent bond

A

The force of attraction between the nuclei of atoms and the electrons shared by atoms (occurs when two or more nonmetals bond together)

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11
Q

Malleable

A

The ability of a substance to be pounded into thin sheets

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12
Q

Ductile

A

The ability of a substance to drawn or pulled into thin wire

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13
Q

Periodic

A

Having a regular, repeating pattern

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14
Q

Periodic Law

A

The law that states that the chemical and physical properties of elements are periodic functions of their atomic numbers

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15
Q

Alkali metals

A

The elements in group 1 of the periodic table, the most reactive metals, have one valence electron

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16
Q

Alkaline earth metals

A

The elements in group 2 of the periodic table, they are very reactive but not as reactive as the elements in group 1, two valence electrons

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17
Q

Halogens

A

The elements in group 17 of the periodic table, they are reactive nonmetals, have seven valence electrons; means “salt former”

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18
Q

Noble gases

A

The unreactive elements in group 18 of the periodic table, eight valence electron (except helium)

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19
Q

valence electrons

A

The electrons in the outer most energy level of an atom , these electrons are involved in chemical bonding

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20
Q

Transition metals

A

Elements in groups 3-12 of the periodic table with one or two valence electrons

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21
Q

Ionic bond

A

The force of attraction between oppositely charged particles (Bond between a metal and a nonmetal)

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22
Q

A group is also called a

A

Family

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23
Q

How many valence electrons does it take for the last valence of an electron to be full?

A

Eight

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24
Q

An atom or group of atoms that has an electric charge

A

Ion

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25
When an atom loses an electron, it becomes a _____ ion
Positive
26
When an atom gains an electron, it becomes a __________ ion
Negative
27
If ice cream melts, how does the mass of the ice cream compared to the mass of the liquid?
The mass does not change
28
Does an endothermic or exothermic reaction absorb energy?
Endothermic
29
Is combustion and endothermic or exothermic reaction?
Exothermic
30
Is energy released in an exothermic reaction or an endothermic reaction?
Exothermic
31
Chemically questions must be balanced because of what law?
The law of conservation of mass
32
Is a melting popsicle a chemical or physical change?
Physical
33
Is a rusting garden tool a physical or chemical change?
Chemical
34
Is the process of photosynthesis in a plant a chemical or physical change?
Chemical
35
Is a lumber cut from a tree a physical or chemical change
Physical
36
Are exploding fireworks a chemical or physical change?
Chemical
37
When the type of molecules change is that a chemical physical change?
Chemical
38
Is a change in size of a substance a chemical or physical change?
Physical
39
Is melted butter hardening in a fridge a chemical or physical change?
Physical
40
Is chocolate melting in a hot car a physical or chemical change
Physical
41
What is the main reason people would be concerned about a new nuclear power plant in the neighborhood?
People would be concerned about a new local nuclear power plant because of the threat of an accident.
42
What process is used by nuclear power plants to produce low-cost, long-lasting energy?
Nuclear power plants use a process called nuclear fission
43
What is nuclear fission
The splitting of the nucleus to create energy
44
What is the problem with nuclear waste from a power plant
Nuclear waste remains dangerous for hundreds of thousands of years and there's no safe place to keep them
45
The substances that enter a chemical reaction are called ____________
Reactants
46
____________ are The substances produced by a chemical reaction
Products
47
In a chemical reaction, ____________ is gained or lost
Mass
48
In a chemical equation the number of atoms of the reactants and products must _______________
Balance
49
Iron combining with oxygen to form a more complex substance is an example of a ___________ reaction
Synthesis
50
In a _______________ reaction a complex substance is broken down into simpler substance
Decomposition
51
In a ____________________ reaction Adams of one element replace atoms of another element in a compound.
Single-replacement
52
The reaction ______ is the speed with which reactants turn into product
Rate
53
A number written below into the right of a chemical symbol in a formula is called a ___________
Subscript
54
Which law states that mass cannot be created or destroyed in ordinary chemical or physical changes?
The law of conservation of mass
55
Chemical formula
A shorthand notation for a compound or diatomic molecule using chemical symbols and numbers
56
Chemical equation
A shorthand description of a chemical reaction using chemical formulas and symbols
57
Chemical reaction
The process by which one or more substances undergo change to produce one or more different substances
58
Coefficient
A number placed in front of a chemical symbol or formula, used to balance a chemical equation
59
Endothermic
The term used to describe a physical or chemical change in which energy is absorbed
60
Exothermic
The term used to describe a physical or chemical changes in which energy is released
61
The law of conservation of mass
The law that states that mass is neither created nor destroyed in ordinary chemical and physical changes
62
Binary compound
A chemical compound consisting of two element
63
Neutralization
A chemical reaction between an acid and a base that produces salt and water
64
Catalyst
A substance that speeds up a reaction without being permanently changed
65
Inhibitor
A substance that slows down or stops a chemical reaction
Science (7+8 Grade)
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